Effects of Two Intervention Programs on Physical Fitness and Quality of Life Among People With Intellectual Disabilities
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- Enrolling By Invitation
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 31
- 试验地点
- 1
研究概览
简要总结
Intellectual Disability (ID) is characterized by limitations in cognitive functioning and adaptive behavior, often leading to a sedentary lifestyle and lower quality of life. The main objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of two different 8-week training programs on physical fitness and quality of life in adults with ID. The work methodology consists of a randomized controlled trial with two intervention groups:
Experimental Group 1 (EG1): Traditional conditioning including strength and resistance exercises (medicine ball, rowing, and coordination circuits).
Experimental Group 2 (EG2): Sport-based individual skills program (Special Olympics model) covering soccer, basketball, athletics, and other sports with a playful approach.
The sample will be composed of sedentary adults with a clinical diagnosis of ID. The variables studied pre- and post-intervention include body composition, physical fitness (agility, strength, and cardiorespiratory capacity), blood pressure, and quality of life using the INICO-FEAPS scale.
详细描述
Intellectual Disability (ID) is characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, affecting conceptual, social, and practical skills. Beyond Intelligence Quotient (IQ), ID impact depends on various factors of functioning and adaptive skills. According to the International Classification of Functioning (ICF), individuals with ID often experience difficulties in communication, self-care, decision-making, and problem-solving, as well as impaired psychomotor functioning and mobility. Consequently, this population often reports lower quality of life and reduced participation in social and recreational activities.
While physical activity is fundamental for cognitive, emotional, and physical well-being, individuals with ID have significantly lower rates of exercise practice, which is linked to increased health problems such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The main objective of this study is to analyze and compare the efficacy of two different training programs on physical fitness and quality of life in sedentary adults with ID.
Working Methodology The study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM). The intervention will last 8 weeks, with 2 sessions per week (16 total sessions), each lasting 60 minutes.
The intervention groups are:
Experimental Group 1 (EG1): Traditional conditioning program based on analytical exercises. Sessions include a 5-minute joint mobility warm-up, a 45-minute main phase with constant exercises (medicine ball squats, thrusters, band rowing, chest press, and coordination circuits), and a 5-minute cool-down. Intensity is moderate and progressed linearly by increasing exercise duration from 60 to 90 seconds.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 19 Years 至 37 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Have a clinically diagnosed intellectual disability
- •Have not engaged in 150 minutes of physical activity per week over the past six months
排除标准
- 未提供
研究组 & 干预措施
Experimental: Traditional training
The traditional fitness program will consist of a structured exercise regimen. This experimental group will participate in two intervention sessions per week, each lasting 60 minutes. The sessions are structured as follows: a 5-minute warm-up, including joint mobility exercises; 45 minutes for the main training phase, focused on strength and endurance through specific exercises (medicine ball squats, thrusters, seated band rows, bench presses, and load carries) and a coordination circuit; and, finally, a 5-minute cool-down. The intensity will be moderate, monitored by the researchers, starting with low loads and increasing the duration of the exercise linearly from 60 to 90 seconds over the course of the 8 weeks.
干预措施: Traditional physical conditioning (Behavioral)
Experimental: Sport-based skills
The sport-based skills program will apply a session structure based on the Special Olympics individual skills model. This experimental group will perform 2 intervention sessions per week with a duration of 60 minutes each. The sessions follow a sports-specific block structure (soccer, basketball, floorball, athletics, and boccia) with 3 sessions per sport. Each session includes: 5 to 10 minutes of a preparatory warm-up game related to the specific sport; 45 minutes for the main phase focusing on technical skills progression (aiming, dribbling, shooting, and coordination) through a playful and challenge-based approach; the final minutes of each block will include real-game situations. The duration of the program will be 8 weeks.
干预措施: Sport-based individual skills (Behavioral)
研究者
Noelia González-Gálvez
Dr
Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia