Continous Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion Intraoperative for Craniotomy Tumor Removal Surgery: Effect to Brain Relaxation, Opioid Consumption and Postoperative Cognitive Status

Fifty subjects were given informed consent one day before surgery and then randomized into two groups: continous intravenous Lidocaine intraoperative and Placebo. Patient, the Anesthesist as data collector, and the Neurosurgeon as the outcome assessor are blinded to the randomization and the intervention given. Non invasive blood pressure, ECG, and pulse oxymetry monitor were set on the subject in the operating room. General anesthesia induction was done by Fentanyl 3 mcg/kg, Lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg or Placebo (according to allocation group), Propofol 1-2 mg/kg and Rocuronium 1 mg/kg. After the intubation, maintenance continous intravenous Lidocain dose 2 mg/kg/hours or Placebo were set until the completion of surgery. Other than intervention (Lidocain or Placebo), maintenance was done by volatile Sevoflurane 0.8 -1.0 MAC, intermittent Fentanyl, continous Atracurium dose 5 mcg/kg/minutes and Manitol 20% dose 0.5 g/kg 30 minutes before Neurosurgeon reach the duramater. At the time Neurosurgeon reach the duramater, before and after they open the duramater, Neurosurgeon will assess brain relaxation by direct inspection and palpation. Total Fentanyl intraoperative will record and Cognitive status pre and postoperative will assess using MMSE. Postoperatively patient will transport to the ICU for monitoring.