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Finite Treatment of Hepatitis Delta with Bulevirtide: Identification of Biomarkers Associated with Sustained Control of HDV Infection

Not Applicable
Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Compensated Liver Disease (Disorder)
Hepatitis D, Chronic
Interventions
Other: Stop Treatment with Bulevertide in patients with compensated liver disease and chronic HDV infection
Registration Number
NCT06603311
Lead Sponsor
Hannover Medical School
Brief Summary

Finding biomarkers for stopping bulevirtide treatment of patients with hepatitis delta

Detailed Description

This is a multicenter, prospective, single-arm, discontinuation study in which patients who have been treated with BLV for at least 48 weeks, are intentionally discontinued from the treatment.

Currently, the treatment duration has not yet been defined and BLV can be given as long as a clinical benefit; is evident. In patients with advanced liver disease, maintenance treatment is recommended by most experts.

In pivotal phase II studies in which patients were treated with BLV for 24-48 weeks, some patients (10-20%) maintained a reduced HDV viral load with normal liver enzymes after the end of treatment (Wedemeyer et al., 2018, 2019, 2020). However, it is completely unclear which patients are able to control HDV infection without antiviral therapies. Biomarkers would be needed to identify patients in whom treatment can stopped safely. This is even more important because HDV flares can be life-threatening in the event of a relapse after stopping BLV. Thus, the main aim of this study is to explore biomarkers in blood and liver associated with maintained virological control after at least 24 weeks of HDV-RNA levels below 100 IU/ml, with at least 2 tests plus one test at screening, on BLV treatment. The investigators hypothesize that biomarker-based criteria should be able to identify patients with a sustained immune control. This information would be highly relevant to personalize treatment duration (or stopping) of BLV treatment, could reduce long-term disease burden, would enable safer treatments and also reduce treatment costs. Within the proposed systematic, unbiased study the investigators follow a broad screening for biomarkers that may be suitable to discriminate in a first step between patients that will experience a virological relapse (HDV RNA above 1000 IU/ml) after discontinuation of treatment and those without.

The investigators plan to include 20 patients in this study. These patients have to have received BLV treatment for at least 48 weeks and have to show HDV-RNA levels below 100 IU/ml in two repeated tests plus one test at screening, for at least 24 weeks while still being on treatment. Treatment will be stopped with the beginning of the study and patients will be followed for 48 weeks. It is expected that up to 14 patients will maintain HDV-RNA control (HDV-RNA below 1000 IU/ml). The other patients are expected to experience a virological relapse. Treating physicians should consider to re-initiate BLV at HDV-RNA levels of above 1000 IU/ml.

The aim of the study is to identify biomarkers that are associated with maintained virological response and could therefore be further investigated as predictive markers for treatment response.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
20
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Men, women, inter/diverse* aged ≥ 18 years
  2. Signed written informed consent from subject
  3. Chronic hepatitis delta
  4. Stable and continued NUC treatment of the underlying HBV infection
  5. Previous interferon treatment must have stopped at least 6 months before the start of BLV monotherapy
  6. Previous immunosuppressant therapy must have stopped at least 6 months before the start of BLV therapy
  7. BLV treatment for at least 48 weeks
  8. HDV-RNA below 100 IU/ml under BLV treatment for at least 24 weeks. Patients should have had at least 2 tests with HDV-RNA below 100 IU/ml plus one test with HDV-RNA below 100 IU/ml+ at screening.
  9. ALT level below 1.5 fold ULN
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (transient mild deviations in liver function parameters are acceptable at the discretion of the investigator) or history of decompensated liver cirrhosis (patients with minimal perihepatic ascites could be included at the discretion of the investigator)
  2. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
  3. Thrombocytopenia (platelet count below 90.000/µl)
  4. Participation in another interventional clinical trial (other investigational drugs or devices at the time of enrolment or within 30 days prior to enrolment)
  5. Any additional medical reason not to stop BLV

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Adults with compensated liver disease and HDV with prior Bulevirtide treatmentStop Treatment with Bulevertide in patients with compensated liver disease and chronic HDV infectionAdults with compensated liver disease who have been treated for chronic HDV infection with bulevirtide (BLV) for at least 48 weeks and reached HDV RNA below 100 IU/ml for at least 24 weeks will finite their BLV treatment. Patients will be followed up for 48 weeks to identify promising biomarkers associated with HDV control after stopping BLV and to evaluate the safety of the novel concept of finite BLV treatment in this group of patients
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Area under the curve (AUC) of biomarker on HDV-RNA relapse at week 48week 48

All primary analysis will be carried out in the FAS. All patients will be categorized into two subgroups based on HDV-RNA relapse (yes/no) at week 48:

1. HDV-RNA relapse: HDV-RNA ≥ 1000 IU/ml at any time point up to week 48

2. No HDV-RNA relapse: HDV-RNA above 1000 IU/ml at all time points up to week 48 For the primary analysis, patients with missing HDV-RNA relapse outcome will be imputed with HDV-RNA relapse. Patients who re-initiated bulevirtide will be analysed as having a HDV-RNA relapse independent of their actual relapse status.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Re-initiation of Bulevirtide (BLV)week 48

Number of patients who had to re-initiate treatment (all-cause)

Change in QoLweek 48

Change in QoL between screening and end-of-study, as assessed by questionnaires

Alanine transaminase (ALT) values below 1.5x the upper limit of normal (ULN) at week 48week 48

Number of patients with ALT values below 1.5 ULN at week 48 post treatment stop.

Alanine transaminase (ALT) values below 1.5x the upper limit of normal (ULN) at week 24week 24

Number of patients with ALT values below 1.5 ULN at week 24 post treatment stop.

HDV-RNA below 100 IU/ml at week 48week 48

Number of patients with HDV-RNA below 100 IU/ml at week 48 after the stop of BLV treatment

HDV-RNA below 100 IU/ml at week 24week 24

Number of patients with HDV-RNA below 100 IU/ml at week 24 after the stop of BLV treatment

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School

🇩🇪

Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany

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