MedPath

Effect of a Low Glycemic Index on Metabolic Syndrome

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Metabolic Syndrome X
Interventions
Behavioral: Mediterranean Diet
Behavioral: Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet
Behavioral: Low Glycemic Index Diet
Registration Number
NCT02356952
Lead Sponsor
Azienda Ospedaliera Specializzata in Gastroenterologia Saverio de Bellis
Brief Summary

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of multiple risk factors of metabolic origin associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and other diseases, including some cancers. There has been an increased interest of researchers in the relationship between MetS and diet and, specifically, Mediterranean diet would be beneficial for people with high risk of developing MetS or individuals with established MetS.

Detailed Description

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of multiple risk factors of metabolic origin, associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and other diseases, including some cancers. The National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) defines MetS the presence of at least three of five diagnostic criteria consisting in the measure of waist circumference, fasting glucose, systolic pressure and/or diastolic blood pressure, serum triglycerides and HDL cholesterol. The level of physical activity, smoking habits, low social class membership as well as low level of education and even a mild degree of chronic inflammation have been associated with an increased risk of MetS. Recently, there has been an increased interest of researchers in the relationship between MetS and diet, and more specifically Mediterranean Diet (MD). A problem of the contemporary MD is the quality of carbohydrates as the foods rich in carbohydrates consumed actually, such as white bread and some type of pasta, are produced with refined flour, at high glycemic index (GI) and load (GL). There are numerous studies showing that taking large amounts of high GI and GL foods is a risk factor for coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. To our knowledge there is no diet trial that compared the health effects of Mediterranean diets with different quality of carbohydrates. Objective of this study was to compare, in a randomized clinical trial, the effects of a simple MD, a Low Glycemic Index diet (LGID), and a Low Glycemic Index MD (LGIMD) on MetS, MetS components and other metabolic variables. For this reason, after a baseline examination, participants were randomly divided into three groups, each receiving a specific dietary intervention, and all the parameters measured at the first visit were examined again at months third and sixth.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
163
Inclusion Criteria
  • MetS, Subject enrolled in the MICOL study in 2005-2006
Exclusion Criteria
  • Insulin treatment, Not enrolled in the MICOL study

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Mediterranean DietMediterranean DietRandomized prescription with indication about type of foods that can be consumed frequently (green foods), sometimes (yellow foods) and never (red foods).
Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean DietLow Glycemic Index Mediterranean DietRandomized prescription with indication about type of foods that can be consumed frequently (green foods), sometimes (yellow foods) and never (red foods).
Low Glycemic Index DietLow Glycemic Index DietRandomized prescription with indication about type of foods that can be consumed frequently (green foods), sometimes (yellow foods) and never (red foods).
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change from Baseline in MetS score at six months6 months
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change from Baseline in Serum Triglycerides at six months6 months
HeightBaseline
Change from Baseline in Systolic blood pressure at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Serum Cholesterol at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Serum ALT at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Serum Fasting Glucose at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Serum insulin at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Serum glycated hemoglobin at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Serum HDL Cholesterol at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Body Weight at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Diastolic blood pressure at six months6 months
Change from Baseline in Bioimpedenziometry at six months6 months

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics-IRCCS Saverio de Bellis

🇮🇹

Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath