A Phase Ib Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of FMT and Nivolumab in Subjects With Metastatic or Inoperable Melanoma, MSI-H, dMMR or NSCLC

Phase 1

• Conditions: Melanoma Stage IV; Unresectable Melanoma; NSCLC Stage IV
• Interventions: Biological: Fecal Microbial Transplantation by capsules

• Registration Number: NCT04521075
• Lead Sponsor: Ella Therapeutics Ltd

Brief Summary

A Phase Ib trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Fecal Microbial Transplantation (FMT) in combination with Nivolumab in subjects with metastatic or inoperable melanoma, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch-repair deficient (dMMR) cancer, or Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Detailed Description

This study is a Phase I single-center adaptive design study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of FMT in combination with Nivolumab for adult subjects with treatment-refractory or inoperable melanoma, MSH-H, dMMr or NSCLC.

FMT will be conducted with fecal capsules, originating from patients that have achieved a durable complete response with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination of FMT with Nivolumab, a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody that blocks PD-1 (anti PD-1) treatment and explore different biomarkers.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2020-08-13
• Study First Submitted QC: 2020-08-18
• Study First Posted: 2020-08-20
• Study Start: 2020-11-01
• Status Verified: 2021-08
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-08-09
• Last Update Posted: 2021-08-16
• Primary Completion: 2022-07-01
• Study Completion: 2023-07-01

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 42

Inclusion Criteria

1. Age and gender: 18 and older, all genders

2. Signed written informed consent . Participants must be willing to participate in the study and provide written and signed informed consent (ICF) for the study.

   Participants must be willing and able to complete all study specific procedures and visits

3. Diagnosis:

   For NSCLC patients Histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer not amenable to curative treatment that have a confirmed progression on anti-PD-1/PDL1 therapy:

   Subjects may have had a maximum of one prior line of therapy after failure of anti-PD-1/ Programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) therapy Received a platinum based chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer; or, Subjects with a documented activating mutation {e.g., against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), against rearranged anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (ROS)} must have received the appropriate targeted therapy.

   For Melanoma patients Histologically confirmed unresectable or metastatic melanoma not amenable to curative treatment that have a confirmed progression on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy: a. Subjects may have had a maximum of one prior line of therapy after failure of anti-PD-1/PDL1 therapy b. Subjects with a documented B-Raf (BRAF) mutation must have received the appropriate targeted therapy

   For MSI-H/dMMR patients -Histologically confirmed MSI-H/dMMR metastatic solid tumors including the following indications: colorectal adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma that had a confirmed progression on anti-PD-1/PD-L1-based therapy.

4. Biopsies Patients must agree to study biopsies at two time points: a. Pretreatment and on treatment gut biopsies. b. Pretreatment and on treatment tumor biopsies.

5. Measurable disease by RECIST v1.1.

6. Patient status: a. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status of 0-1 b. Liver function: Total bilirubin ≤ 2 Upper limit of normal (ULN), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 ULN (or < 5 in case of present liver metastasis) c. Neutrophils ≥ 1,000/mm3, platelets ≥ 100,000/mm3, Hb>8 g/dL d. Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 ULN e. International normalized ratio (INR), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≤1.5x ULN

7. Pregnancy a. Negative urine or serum pregnancy test within 72 hours prior to receiving first dose of study procedure in women of childbearing potential. b. Use of an effective contraceptive method throughout the entire treatment period and up to 6 months after the completion of treatment in both males and females of child bearing potential.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Medical Conditions :

   1.1 History of chronic or active colitis 1.2. Tumor involvement of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine or colo-rectum. Note: not applicable for patients with MSI-H or dMMR colorectal , gastric or esophageal adenocarcinoma 1.3. Has a current active or a past known additional malignancy within the last 5 years.

   1.4. Has an active or a documented history of autoimmune disease that required treatment in the past 2 years.

   1.5. Known food allergy to eggs, nuts, peanuts 1.6. Known allergy to neomycin,vancomycin or metronidazole 1.7. Pregnant or breastfeeding women 1.8. Has known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (HIV 1/2 antibodies) 1.9 Has known history of or is positive for hepatitis B or Hepatitis C.

2. Prior/Concomitant Therapy and medical procedure 2.1 Has ongoing immune-related adverse effects from previous immunotherapy treatments that are of Grade ≥2, excluding endocrine adverse effects 2.2 Immunosuppressive chronic treatments. Patients treated with Prednisone ≤10mg per day may be included.

   2.3 Known active bacterial, viral, fungal, mycobacterial, parasitic, or other infection (excluding fungal infections of nail beds) or any major episode of infection requiring treatment with i.v. antibiotics or hospitalization (relating to the completion of the course of antibiotics, except if for tumor fever) within 28 days prior to the start of Day 1 2.4 Medical condition that requires chronic treatment with antibiotics 2.5 Vaccination with live vaccines within 28 days prior to start of Cycle 1, Day 1.

   2.6 Has received major surgery (within 28 days prior to the start of Cycle 1, Day 1), other than for diagnosis. Patient must have recovered from all surgery-related toxicities.

   2.7 Patient has a known intolerance to anti-PD-L1 or anti-PD1.

3. Prior/Concurrent Clinical Study Experience 3.1 Participation in another clinical trial with anti-neoplastic intervention up to 14 days prior to study entry

4. Other Exclusions 4.1 Any other serious uncontrolled medical condition (including active bleeding or non-healing wound) 4.2 Has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorder that would interfere with cooperation with the requirements of the study.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Treatment Arm	Fecal Microbial Transplantation by capsules	Combination treatment: anti PD1 + FMT by capsules

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Incidence of FMT-related Adverse Events	3 years	Number of patients with adverse events that emerged post FMT. The AE severity grading scale for the NCI-CTCAE (v5.0) will be used for assessing AE severity
Overall Response Rate (ORR)	3 years	Number of patients with objective responses divided by the total number of evaluable patients, according to imaging studies (RECIST 1.1) and iRECIST

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Changes in immune activation in the gut	3 years	Immune activation in gut is defined as a 20% or more increase in cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) cell counts pre and post FMT
Changes in immune activation in the tumor	3 years	Changes in the relative abundance of different immune cell population (such as the proportion of cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) and T cell in the tumor pre and post FMT
Progression-free survival (PFS)	3 years	Duration of progression free status evaluated according to imaging studies (RECIST 1.1) and iRECIST.
To assess Overall survival (OS)	3 years	The proportion of patients remaining alive from initiation of study treatment until completion of two year follow-up from End of Treatment (EOT)
To assess Duration of response (DoR)	3 years	Time from initial response to disease progression or death among patients who have experienced a Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR) according to RECIST v1.1
Incidence of immune related toxicities induced by anti-PD-1	3 years	Number and Grade of immune related Adverse events (irAE) reported that emerged post anti-PD1 treatment

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Sheba Medical Center; 🇮🇱 Ramat Gan, Israel