The Effect of Virtual Reality Exergame on Physical Activity and Fitness in The Elderly
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- physical activity
研究概览
简要总结
Virtual Reality exergame is a video games that combine body motion control with physical activity in a safe virtual environment. In the elderly, VR exergames like the Nintendo Switch RingFit Adventure aid rehabilitation, improving physical function, cognition, balance and mental well-being. These games overcome the boredom of traditional exercise with a multisensory and interactive environment that engages the whole body. The general objective of the present research is to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality exergames on physical activity and fitness in the elderly.
Design : This study is an experimental study with a randomized controlled trial - double blind design. This experimental study was conducted with blinding, specifically a single blinding where the researcher and data analyst (statistician) did not know the allocation of samples to the intervention and control groups.
详细描述
Aging is associated with a decline in biological, physiological, and functional capacities, impacting muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and the ability to perform daily activities. This decline adversely affects the quality of life in the elderly, measurable through the concept of healthy adjusted life expectancy (HALE). In Indonesia, the average HALE is 62.25 years, indicating a loss of approximately 8.85 years due to chronic diseases and disabilities.
One effective strategy to address chronic diseases and disabilities is the implementation of physical activities or exercises, including aerobic, strength, flexibility, and balance training, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Aerobic exercise not only enhances cardiovascular and pulmonary function but also provides broader benefits to both physical and mental health. However, adherence and motivation in elderly populations are often low due to external factors such as limited mobility and unsupportive environments.
To overcome these challenges, exergames have emerged as an innovative intervention combining active video gaming with physical exercise. Virtual Reality (VR) exergames, such as the Nintendo Switch RingFit Adventure, offer immersive, multisensory, and interactive environments that enhance motivation for exercise among older adults. Evidence suggests that VR exergame interventions can improve physical function, reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, and enhance health-related quality of life, although research on fitness outcomes in the elderly remains limited and warrants further investigation.
The general objective : to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality exergames on physical activity and fitness in the elderly.
Specific objectives:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
In this study, masking is applied to both the investigators and the outcomes assessors to minimize bias during data collection and analysis. The investigators who analyze the data are blinded to the participants' group assignments to ensure objective interpretation of the results. The outcomes assessors, responsible for evaluating physical activity and fitness, are also blinded to which intervention each participant received, preventing subjective influence on outcome measurement.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 60 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Willing to participate in the study
- •Aged above 60 years
- •Able to watch television with or without glasses from a distance of 2 meters (visual acuity between 20/20 and 20/80)
- •No cognitive impairment (MOCA-Ina score: 26-30)
排除标准
- •Congestive heart failure
- •Uncontrolled hypertension
- •History of fracture or surgery within the last 6 months
- •Currently on the waiting list for orthopedic surgery
- •Myocardial infarction or stroke within the last 6 months
- •Dependence on a wheelchair
- •Severe hearing and vision impairments
- •Other neuromusculoskeletal disorders that interfere with the ability to perform exercises (pain with VAS > 4)
结局指标
主要结局
physical activity
时间窗: Physical activity was assessed at week 0 (before the intervention) and week 6 (after the intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' physical activity levels during the intervention period.
Physical activity was measured using the Indonesian version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - Short Form. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) score is calculated by assessing the duration and frequency of physical activities across three categories: walking, moderate-intensity, and vigorous-intensity activities. Each category is assigned a standard Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) value, namely 3.3 METs for walking, 4.0 METs for moderate activities, and 8.0 METs for vigorous activities. The weekly total MET-minutes are obtained by multiplying the MET value by the minutes per day and the number of days per week for each activity type, then summing these values across all categories. Based on the total MET-minutes per week, physical activity levels are interpreted : * Sedentary (\<600 MET-minutes/week) * Intermediate (600-3,000 MET-minutes/week) * Active (\>3,000 MET-minutes/week)
body composition (muscle mass)
时间窗: Body composition (muscle mass) was assessed at week 0 (before the intervention) and week 6 (after the intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' body composition during the intervention period.
The body composition (muscle mass) parameter is integratedly measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) with the Tanita BC 730 device. interpretation : Muscle mass, also presented as a percentage, reflects lean body mass important for function, with males aged 60-79 years ranging from 70-84% and females from 60-72.5%.
Hand muscle strength
时间窗: Hand muscle strength was assessed at week 0 (before the intervention) and week 6 (after the intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' hand muscle strength during the intervention period.
Hand muscle strength was measured using an electronic hand dynamometer, CAMRY ISO 9001 model EH101.
Muscle endurance
时间窗: Muscle endurance was assessed at week 0 (prior to the intervention) and week 6 (post-intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' muscle endurance throughout the intervention period.
Muscle endurance was measured using the 30-second sit-to-stand test with a stopwatch
Flexibility
时间窗: Flexibility was assessed at week 0 (prior to the intervention) and week 6 (post-intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' flexibility throughout the intervention period.
Flexibility was assessed using the Chair Sit-and-Reach Test.
body composition (fat mass)
时间窗: Body composition (fat mass) was assessed at week 0 (before the intervention) and week 6 (after the intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' body composition during the intervention period.
The body composition (fat mass) parameter is integratedly measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) with the Tanita BC 730 device. Interpretation : Fat mass is expressed as a percentage of total body weight, varying by age and sex; for instance, males over 40 years typically range from 11-24%, while females range from 23-35%.
Body composition (Bone mass)
时间窗: Body composition (bone mass) was assessed at week 0 (before the intervention) and week 6 (after the intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' body composition during the intervention period.
The body composition (bone mass) parameter is integratedly measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) with the Tanita BC 730 device. interpretation : Bone mass is reported in kilograms and stratified by weight and sex, such as 2.65-3.29 kg for males weighing 65-95 kg and about 2.40 kg for females weighing between 50-75 kg.
physical activity
时间窗: Physical activity was assessed at week 0 (before the intervention) and week 6 (after the intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' physical activity levels during the intervention period.
Physical activity was measured using the Indonesian version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - Short Form. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) score is calculated by assessing the duration and frequency of physical activities across three categories: walking, moderate-intensity, and vigorous-intensity activities. Each category is assigned a standard Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) value, namely 3.3 METs for walking, 4.0 METs for moderate activities, and 8.0 METs for vigorous activities. The weekly total MET-minutes are obtained by multiplying the MET value by the minutes per day and the number of days per week for each activity type, then summing these values across all categories. Based on the total MET-minutes per week, physical activity levels are interpreted : * Sedentary (\<600 MET-minutes/week) * Intermediate (600-3,000 MET-minutes/week) * Active (\>3,000 MET-minutes/week)
Hand muscle strength
时间窗: Hand muscle strength was assessed at week 0 (before the intervention) and week 6 (after the intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' hand muscle strength during the intervention period.
Hand muscle strength was measured using an electronic hand dynamometer, CAMRY ISO 9001 model EH101.
Muscle endurance
时间窗: Muscle endurance was assessed at week 0 (prior to the intervention) and week 6 (post-intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' muscle endurance throughout the intervention period.
Muscle endurance was measured using the 30-second sit-to-stand test with a stopwatch
Flexibility
时间窗: Flexibility was assessed at week 0 (prior to the intervention) and week 6 (post-intervention) to evaluate changes in participants' flexibility throughout the intervention period.
Flexibility was assessed using the Chair Sit-and-Reach Test.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Andi Amirah Shaleha Junaedi
Principal Investigator
Hasanuddin University