Effect of Selected Types of Breathing Exercises on Different Outcome Measures in Covid-19 Patients

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: COVID-19
• Interventions: Other: breathing exercise

• Registration Number: NCT05753293
• Lead Sponsor: Basma Mosaad Abd-elrahman Abushady

Brief Summary

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection leads to significant respiratory that have negative impact on function and quality of life (QoL). Breathing exercises are effective and important in patients with COVID-19.

Detailed Description

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection leads to significant respiratory symptoms that have negative impact on function and quality of life (QoL). Breathing exercises are effective and important in patients with COVID-19.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Buteyko breathing versus Bhastrika Pranayama on different outcome measures in COVID-19 Patients.

Sixty patients of both genders with age range from 40-50 years old were recruited from El Khankah Centeral Hospital with positive nasopharyngeal swab samples and presence of ground-glass opacification in their chest computed tomography scan (CT-scan). Patients were assigned randomly into two groups A \& B and took their medications. Group A received traditional physical therapy program (mobility exercises and Postural drainage) with Bhastrika Pranayama breathing exercise. Group B received traditional physical therapy program with Buteyko breathing exercise. Patients were assessed by Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (MBS), blood samples (levels of CRP and d-dimer), six-minute walk test (6MWT), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Questionnaire.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2022-05-01
• Primary Completion: 2022-07-22
• Study Completion: 2022-09-25
• Status Verified: 2023-02
• Study First Submitted: 2023-02-24
• Study First Submitted QC: 2023-03-02
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-03-02
• Study First Posted: 2023-03-03
• Last Update Posted: 2023-03-03

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 60

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Bhastrika pranayama	breathing exercise	done in sitting posture and the following instructions: The back must be kept straight and shoulder muscles should be kept relaxed, patient was asked to close the right nostril with right thumb and to bring right elbow to the level of right shoulder. To close the eyes, inhale and exhale through left nostril-first slowly, then a little faster, The subject was asked to do the above steps about 20-25 times, (Then the subject was asked to take a long breath in and retain it for as long as possible, This is one cycle of Bhastrika pranayama. The subject has to repeat this cycle by closing left nostril and breathing through right nostril.
Buteyko breathing exercise	breathing exercise	Step 1 beginning control pause (CP) the patient inhales and then exhales through the nose and then holds their breath until the point they feel either the first clear and distinct desire to breath or involuntary movement or jerk coming from diaphragm.Step 2 three to five minutes of relaxed reduced-volume breathing or slow breathing the patient gradually reduced their breathing until they feel a light lack of air. they sustain these while staying relaxed. Step 3 maximum pause (MP) the maximum pause begins with gentel inhalation and exhalation. Then the breath is held as long as possible but not to the point of severe discomfort. Step 2 and step 3 are then repeated up to 5 times. Final control pause: same as step 1.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The Six-minute walk test:	week	The six-minute walk test (6MWT) will be done pre \& post exercise program.
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)	week	The PSQI questionnaire was used to measure sleep quality using an 18-item scale containing seven items that included sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleeping medications, and daytime dysfunction. Each dimension scored between 0-3, with a total score ranging from 0-21, and a higher score indicating lower sleep quality
The 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Questionnaire	week	The SF-36 is a 36-item scale, which measures eight domains of health status: physical functioning (10 items); physical role limitations (four items); bodily pain (two items); general health perceptions (five items); energy/vitality (four items); social functioning (two items); emotional role limitations (three items) and mental health (five items) the scores are weighted sums of the questions in each section. Scores range from 0 - 100 Lower scores = more disability, higher scores = less disability
Modified Borg Scale to Measure dyspnea:	week	is a 0 to 10 rated numerical score used to measure dyspnea as reported by the patient with higher score indicates breathing problem.
Blood Samples:	week	The blood samples will be collected before starting and at the end of the study to measure levels of CRP, d-dimer and CBC to test.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Faculty of Physical Therapy Cairo University; 🇪🇬 Giza, Egypt