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The Effect of Smart Sensor Combined With APP for Individualized Precise Exercise Training in Long Covid-19

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Coronavirus Disease
Long Covid-19
Telerehabilitation
COVID-19
Interventions
Behavioral: Healthy consulation
Device: KNEESUP care APP
Device: KNEESUP smart knee assistive device + KNEESUP care APP
Registration Number
NCT05922865
Lead Sponsor
Shang-Lin Chiang
Brief Summary

The coronavirus (COVID -19) has rapidly turned into a global pandemic. For patients diagnosed with COVID-19, it caused severe damage in the upper respiratory system and systemic complications, including the cardiovascular, mental, nervous, and musculoskeletal system. Previous research has indicated that these subsequent sequelae can reduce quality of life. (A. W. Wong et al., 2020) Studies have indicated that exercise training is beneficial to improve blood pressure, reduce cardiovascular factors, reduce complications, and relieve depression (J. Galloza et al., 2017) However, the current international research on the benefits of exercise rehabilitation and the improvement of quality of life in patients who have been infected with COVID-19 is still lacking. Under the international epidemic, it is pointed out that the importance of telerehabilitation has also been advocated worldwide. Previous systematic review indicated that no matter it is nervous, muscular or cardiac system disease, the efficacy of telerehabilitation is superior to face-to-face rehabilitation. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect between the intervention of KNEESUP smart knee assistive device, and the health education in routine outpatient after diagnosis of Long Covid-19.

Detailed Description

The purpose of KNEESUP measuring equipment used in this research is to improve the recovery rate and reduce the sequelae after treatment. KNEESUP connects the subjects and researchers through technologies such as IoT and AI. The evaluation of the rehabilitation results can be presented as a data chart, and the treatment effects are also clearly presented.

For the subject, the subject puts on KNEESUP knee pads in a long sitting position, bends the knees about 30 degrees, aligns the position of the knee pad circle with the bone, and uses the strap on the lower side, upper side, and the knee pads. After wearing, press and hold the sensor on the outer side of the knee pad for 3 seconds, and then open the mobile app. After the hardware setting and connection are completed, the evaluation and exercise can begin.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
120
Inclusion Criteria
  • symptoms last at least one month after recovery
  • without physical impairment
  • understood verbal or non-verbal communication
  • normal cognitive function
  • were willing to participate in the study and accept random allocation
Exclusion Criteria
  • diagnosed with transient ischemic attack or stroke
  • had neuromuscular injury or surgery in the lower limbs in the past six months
  • had heart rhythm regulator
  • hospitalized during training
  • had aggravated symptoms due to infection again
  • had participated in other clinical trials or received other alternative treatments

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Health consultationHealthy consulationThe participants with healthy consultation do aerobic training at home.
KNEESUP care APPKNEESUP care APPThe participants with KNEESUP care APP do exercise training at home.
KNEESUP smart knee assistive device + KNEESUP care APPKNEESUP smart knee assistive device + KNEESUP care APPThe participants with KNEESUP smart knee assistive device and KNEESUP care APP do exercise training at home.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Aerobic capacity (VO2 max in ml/kg/min )baseline, 12 weeks

Maximal VO2 during testing, also means aerobic capacity

Working load in wattbaseline, 12 weeks

Maximal Working load during testing

Rest Heart rate in beat/minbaseline, 12 weeks

Resting heart rate during exercise testing

O2 pulse in ml/beatbaseline, 12 weeks

It means the heart pumps O2 volume by each heart beat, and also means left ventricle function.

Systolic blood pressure in mm Hgbaseline, 12 weeks

The resting blood pressure during exercise testing

Diastolic blood pressure in mm Hgbaseline, 12 weeks

The resting blood pressure during exercise testing

Anaerobic Threshold (mL/kg/min)baseline, 12 weeks

Anaerobic Threshold (AT) refers to the exercise intensity at which lactate begins to accumulate in the blood at a faster rate than it can be removed. It represents a transition point between predominantly aerobic metabolism (using oxygen) and increased anaerobic metabolism (without sufficient oxygen).

Breathing reserve (ml/kg/min)baseline, 12 weeks

A measure used during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to assess how much of a person's maximum ventilatory capacity is unused at peak exercise. It reflects the difference between the maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and the minute ventilation (VE) reached during exercise.

VE/VCO2 slopebaseline, 12 weeks

The ventilation/ perfusion abnormalities (VE/VCO2) is measured by graded exercise testing.The change in VE/VCO2 was calculated as the value at 12 weeks minus the value at baseline. A lower VE/VCO2 ratio indicates better ventilatory efficiency and reduced ventilation/perfusion abnormalities.

Heart rate recoverybaseline, 12 weeks

The heart rate recovery is measured by graded exercise testing, including 1 minute and 2 minute recovery.

The change in heart rate recovery was calculated as the difference between heart rate recovery at 12 weeks and heart rate recovery at baseline. A decrease of \< 12 or 22 beats per minute in 1- or 2- min heart rate recovery, respectively, indicates an elevated risk of mortality. A faster heart rate recovery indicates better cardiovascular fitness and autonomic regulation.

FVC (L/min)baseline, 12 weeks

The total amount of air exhaled (mL) during a forced expiratory volume test will be measured by spirometry. The change in FVC was calculated as the value at 12 weeks minus the value at baseline. A higher FVC indicates better lung function.

FEV1 (L/min)baseline, 12 weeks

The amount of air exhaled (mL) during the first second during a forced expiratory volume test will be measured by spirometry. The change in FEV1 was calculated as the value at 12 weeks minus the value at baseline. A higher FEV1 indicates better lung function.

FEV1/FVC (%)baseline, 12 weeks

The measured FEV1 is divided by the measured FVC. he change in FEV1/FVC was calculated as the value at 12 weeks minus the value at baseline. A higher FEV1/FVC ratio generally indicates better lung function, while a lower ratio suggests airflow limitation.

Gait: Step length (m) through Time Up and Go Testbaseline, 12 weeks

Analysis software was evaluated using METASENS. Begin by having the participants sit back in a standard arm chair and identify a 3 meters line on the floor. Participants walk forward three meters at the usual speed, turn around and return to the chair before sitting down. The METASENS evaluation analysis software calculates the step length (m), speed (m/s), cadence (steps per minute), left/right gait cycle (sec), left/right knee flexion angle (deg), left/right foot contact extension angle (deg), turn around time (sec), stand up time (sec), total walking time (sec).

Gait: Speed (m/s) through Time Up and Go Testbaseline, 12 weeks

Analysis software was evaluated using METASENS. Begin by having the participants sit back in a standard arm chair and identify a 3 meters line on the floor. Participants walk forward three meters at the usual speed, turn around and return to the chair before sitting down. The METASENS evaluation analysis software calculates the step length (m), speed (m/s), cadence (steps per minute), left/right gait cycle (sec), left/right knee flexion angle (deg), left/right foot contact extension angle (deg), turn around time (sec), stand up time (sec), total walking time (sec).

Gait: Cadence (steps per minute) through Time Up and Go Testbaseline, 12 weeks

Analysis software was evaluated using METASENS. Begin by having the participants sit back in a standard arm chair and identify a 3 meters line on the floor. Participants walk forward three meters at the usual speed, turn around and return to the chair before sitting down. The METASENS evaluation analysis software calculates the step length (m), speed (m/s), cadence (steps per minute), left/right gait cycle (sec), left/right knee flexion angle (deg), left/right foot contact extension angle (deg), turn around time (sec), stand up time (sec), total walking time (sec).

Gait: Left gait cycle (sec) through Time Up and Go Testbaseline, 12 weeks

Analysis software was evaluated using METASENS. Begin by having the participants sit back in a standard arm chair and identify a 3 meters line on the floor. Participants walk forward three meters at the usual speed, turn around and return to the chair before sitting down. The METASENS evaluation analysis software calculates the step length (m), speed (m/s), cadence (steps per minute), left/right gait cycle (sec), left/right knee flexion angle (deg), left/right foot contact extension angle (deg), turn around time (sec), stand up time (sec), total walking time (sec).

Gait: Right gait cycle (sec) through Time Up and Go Testbaseline, 12 weeks

Analysis software was evaluated using METASENS. Begin by having the participants sit back in a standard arm chair and identify a 3 meters line on the floor. Participants walk forward three meters at the usual speed, turn around and return to the chair before sitting down. The METASENS evaluation analysis software calculates the step length (m), speed (m/s), cadence (steps per minute), left/right gait cycle (sec), left/right knee flexion angle (deg), left/right foot contact extension angle (deg), turn around time (sec), stand up time (sec), total walking time (sec).

Gait: Turn around time (sec) through Time Up and Go Testbaseline, 12 weeks

Analysis software was evaluated using METASENS. Begin by having the participants sit back in a standard arm chair and identify a 3 meters line on the floor. Participants walk forward three meters at the usual speed, turn around and return to the chair before sitting down. The METASENS evaluation analysis software calculates the step length (m), speed (m/s), cadence (steps per minute), left/right gait cycle (sec), left/right knee flexion angle (deg), left/right foot contact extension angle (deg), turn around time (sec), stand up time (sec), total walking time (sec).

Gait: Stand up time (sec) through Time Up and Go Testbaseline, 12 weeks

Analysis software was evaluated using METASENS. Begin by having the participants sit back in a standard arm chair and identify a 3 meters line on the floor. Participants walk forward three meters at the usual speed, turn around and return to the chair before sitting down. The METASENS evaluation analysis software calculates the step length (m), speed (m/s), cadence (steps per minute), left/right gait cycle (sec), left/right knee flexion angle (deg), left/right foot contact extension angle (deg), turn around time (sec), stand up time (sec), total walking time (sec).

Gait: Total walking time (sec) through Time Up and Go Testbaseline, 12 weeks

Analysis software was evaluated using METASENS. Begin by having the participants sit back in a standard arm chair and identify a 3 meters line on the floor. Participants walk forward three meters at the usual speed, turn around and return to the chair before sitting down. The METASENS evaluation analysis software calculates the step length (m), speed (m/s), cadence (steps per minute), left/right gait cycle (sec), left/right knee flexion angle (deg), left/right foot contact extension angle (deg), turn around time (sec), stand up time (sec), total walking time (sec).

Long COVID symptomsbaseline, 12 weeks

A simple checklist to record Long COVID symptoms. Symptoms that persisted or were newly developed after acute infection were documented as sequelae. Symptoms included fatigue, shortness of breath, cognitive dysfunction (referred to as "brain fog"), chest pain, cough, dizziness, headache, sleep disturbances, palpitations, depression/anxiety, and olfactory dysfunction.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Quality of life (scores)baseline, 12 weeks

The Taiwanese version of the WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) with good validity and reliability includes the globally standardized WHOQOL-BREF with 26 items and an additional two locally developed items, making a total of 28 items. It consists of two single-facet items measuring overall quality of life and general health and four domains, including physical (7 items), psychological (6 items), social (4 items), and environmental (9 items) domains. The two additional items are being respected/accepted facet in the social domain and eating/food facet in the environment domain, respectively. The participants rated all items on a scale of 1-5, with higher scores reflecting a greater quality of life. Domain scores were derived by multiplying the mean of the facet scores within each domain by a scaling factor of 4, resulting in potential domain scores ranging from 4 to 20.

Sleeping Quality (scores)baseline, 12 weeks

Symptoms of sleeping quality will be assessed using Pittsburgh Sleeping Index. The content is aimed at the sleep conditions of the subjects, including seven items including personal self-evaluation of sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep hours, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, drug use and daytime dysfunction. Each item is calculated by the Likert four-point method, 0-3 points, the total score ranges from 0-21 points, and the higher the score, the worse the sleep quality. (MORGAN, DALLOSSO, EBRAHIM, ARIE, \& Fentem, 1988; Tang Zhenqing et al., 2014).

Body composition: Body weight (kg)baseline, 12 weeks

The InBody device is a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) system designed to assess body composition in a non-invasive, rapid, and reliable manner. It quantifies key components such as skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, total body water, and visceral fat area.

Body composition: Body fat (%)baseline, 12 weeks

The InBody device is a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) system designed to assess body composition in a non-invasive, rapid, and reliable manner. It quantifies key components such as skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, total body water, and visceral fat area.

Body composition: Lean mass weight (kg)baseline, 12 weeks

The InBody device is a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) system designed to assess body composition in a non-invasive, rapid, and reliable manner. It quantifies key components such as skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, total body water, and visceral fat area.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Tri-service General Hospital

🇨🇳

Taipei, Taiwan

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