Effects of Dancing on Cardiovascular and Functional Risk Factors in Older Women.
- Conditions
- AgingPhysical ActivityCardiovascular Risk Factor
- Interventions
- Other: DanceOther: WalkingOther: Stretching
- Registration Number
- NCT03262714
- Lead Sponsor
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
- Brief Summary
The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate the effects of a dance intervention on cardiovascular risk factors and functional capacity of older women, comparing dancing to a walking exercise intervention and to an active control condition (stretching). The participants will include women between 60 and 80 years old, with body mass index inferior to 35 Kg /m2. The main outcome of this study is the peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). The secondary outcomes are cardiovascular risk associated factors (C-reactive protein, TNF-alpha, lipid profile, etc) and functional performance (muscle strength and power, balance, gate ability, etc). The experimental design will include 3 parts: 1) Pre-intervention assessments: medical evaluation, fasting blood exams, maximum exercise test, assessments of body composition, balance, gate ability, muscular strength and power. 2) Period of interventions: patients will be randomized to one of the three following groups: dance, walking or stretching. The duration of the interventions will be 8 weeks, including 3 sessions per week for dance and walking, and once a week for the stretching group. Each session will last 60 min. 3) Post-intervention assessments: the same protocols of testing as pre-intervention.
- Detailed Description
The aging process is characterized by reductions of lean mass simultaneously to increases in visceral adipose tissue. Metabolically, this is related to insulin resistance and higher risk to develop cardiovascular diseases. Functionally, loss of strength and cardiorespiratory fitness may lead to early muscle fatigue onset, which may limit the performance of daily activities, and eventually lead to loss of independence with aging. Dancing has been used as a form of exercise to improve functional and metabolic outcomes during aging. However, the field lacks of randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating metabolic outcomes related to dance interventions, as well as comparisons of dancing with other types of exercise on functional performance and metabolic health of older adults. Therefore, the goal of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate the effects of a dance intervention on cardiovascular risk factors and functional capacity of older women, comparing dancing to a walking exercise intervention and to an active control condition (stretching). Additionally, we aim to investigate the acute cardiorespiratory responses of a dance session. The participants will include women between 60 and 80 years old, with body mass index inferior to 35 Kg /m2 and independent for performing daily activities. They should not be engaged in any type of regular physical activity in the past 6 months. Exclusion criteria will include type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular complications and neurodegenerative diseases. The main outcome of this study is the peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), as it has been associated with both, cardiovascular risk and functional performance in aging individuals. The secondary outcomes are: (1) cardiovascular risk associated factors: C-reactive protein, TNF-alpha, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, fasting glucose and insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). (2) Functional performance: muscle strength and power, balance, gate ability and muscle quality. The experimental design will include 3 parts: 1) Pre-intervention assessments: medical evaluation, fasting blood exams, maximum exercise test, assessments of body composition, balance, gate ability, muscular strength and power. 2) Period of interventions: patients will be randomized in blocks (randomization.com), in accordance to their VO2peak , to one of the three following groups: dance, walking or control. The duration of the dance and walking interventions will be 8 weeks, including 3 sessions per week, each lasting 60 min. Dance classes will be performed in group in a dance studio, including a variety of rhythms such as salsa, jazz and aerobics. Walking sessions will be performed individually or in groups of two people, in a treadmill, at the gym. The control group will have 60min stretching classes once a week, also for 8 weeks. 3) Post-intervention assessments: the same protocols of testing of the pre-interventions assessments will be repeated. All the assessments and interventions will be held at the Laboratory of Research in Exercise (LAPEX-UFRGS).
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- UNKNOWN
- Sex
- Female
- Target Recruitment
- 30
- Women between 60 and 80 years old
- BMI inferior to 35 kg/m2
- Independent for performing daily activities (OARS scale)
- Not engaged in any type of regular exercise programme for the past 6 months
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases or other non-controlled metabolic disorders
- Chronic diseases such as fibromyalgia, cancer or neurodegenerative disorders
- Bone, joints or muscle problems that could impair exercise performance
- Not being able to perform the effort test in the first assessment session, abnormal electrocardiogram, or any other condition identified by the physician of the study that limit the engagement in an exercise training programme.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Dancing Dance Elderly women randomized to the dance intervention programme. Walking Walking Elderly women randomized to the walking intervention programme. Stretching Stretching Elderly women randomized to the stretching intervention programme.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2peak) Baseline and 8 weeks The maximum capacity of oxygen consumption measured during an incremental exercise test.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) Baseline and 8 weeks Inflammatory marker. It will be analyzed in plasma, using ELISA specific kits.
Change in Muscle Quality Baseline and 8 weeks Echo intensity of the quadriceps will be analyzed by ultrasound images.
Change in Static Balance Baseline and 8 weeks Static balance will be measured by a single leg support balance test, performed with both legs, with the eyes open and closed.
Change in HDL-Cholesterol Baseline and 8 weeks Lipid profile marker. It will be analyzed in plasma, by enzymatic colorimetric method, using an automatic analyzer (ROCHE, Cobas C111, Switzerland).
Change in Fasting Insulin Baseline and 8 weeks Glycaemic profile marker. It will be measured in plasma, usin a high sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Change in HOMA-IR Baseline and 8 weeks Glycaemic profile marker. Homeostatic model of insulin resistance. It will be calculated according to the following formula: fasting insulin (microU/L) x fasting glucose (nmol/L)/22.5.
Change in Dynamic Balance Baseline and 8 weeks Dynamic balance will be measured by the Time to Up ang Go (TUG) test.
Change in Body Weight Baseline and 8 weeks Measurements of body weight will be measured in a digital scale.
Changes in the Fear of Falling Baseline and 8 weeks The fear of falling will be analyzed by the Falls Efficacy Scale-International Brazil (FES-I-Brazil).
Changes in Quality of Life Baseline and 8 weeks Quality of life will be analyzed by the questionary WHOQOL (World Health Organization Quality of Life.
Change in LDL-Cholesterol Baseline and 8 weeks Lipid profile marker. Estimation of the LDL concentration will be calculate using the formula of Friedewald.
Change in Muscle Strength Baseline and 8 weeks Isometric peak torque of the knee extensors will be measured using an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex Norm, EUA).
Change in Muscle Power Baseline and 8 weeks Lower body muscle power will be measured by the performance of the counter movement jump in a force platform.
Change in Waist Circumference Baseline and 8 weeks Measurements of waist circumference will be performed with a measuring tape.
Changes in Fall Risk Baseline and 8 weeks The risk of fall will be measured by the performance in the TUG test.
Change in Gate ability Baseline and 8 weeks Gate ability will be measured in a 10m track, picking up objects and passing over obstacles.
Change in Percentage of Body Fat Baseline and 8 weeks Measurements of skinfolds will be taken to calculate the percentage of body fat.
Change in Sit and Stand ability Baseline and 8 weeks The ability to sit and stand in a chair 5 times, as fast as possible.
Change in C-reactive protein (CRP) Baseline and 8 weeks Cardiovascular risk marker. It will be analyzed in plasma, using ELISA specific kits.
Change in Triglycerides Baseline and 8 weeks Lipid profile marker. It will be analyzed in plasma, by enzymatic colorimetric method, using an automatic analyzer (ROCHE, Cobas C111, Switzerland).
Change in Total Cholesterol Baseline and 8 weeks Lipid profile marker. It will be analyzed in plasma, by enzymatic colorimetric method, using an automatic analyzer (ROCHE, Cobas C111, Switzerland).
Change in Fasting Glycemia Baseline and 8 weeks Glycaemic profile marker. It will be analyzed in plasma, by enzymatic colorimetric method, using an automatic analyzer (ROCHE, Cobas C111, Switzerland).
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
🇧🇷Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil