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Pathophysiology and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation Detected After Ischemic Stroke

Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Transient Ischemic Attack
Atrial Fibrillation
Stroke, Ischemic
Registration Number
NCT03275155
Lead Sponsor
London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's
Brief Summary

This prospective non-interventional cohort study investigates the pathophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation Detected After Stroke or transient ischemic attack (AFDAS) by comparing the autonomic function and inflammation between patients with AFDAS, patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) diagnosed before the ischemic event or known AF (KAF), and patients with normal sinus rhythm (NSR) after 14 day of cardiac monitoring following the event onset.

Detailed Description

This study enrolls patients with acute ischemic stroke at the London Health Sciences Center in London, Ontario, Canada. The heart rhythm of the patients is monitored with a CardioSTAT® Holter device (Icentia) for 14 days after the ischemic event onset. Based on this cardiac monitoring and previous medical history, patients are stratified into three groups: (a) atrial fibrillation detected after stroke or transient ischemic attack (AFDAS), (b) atrial fibrillation diagnosed before the ischemic event or known AF (KAF), and (c) normal sinus rhythm (NSR).

Autonomic function is assessed by the levels of plasma catecholamines, a battery of validated autonomic tests \[autonomic reflex screening (ARS)\], heart rate variability (HRV) through data obtained by Holter monitoring by standard quantitative analysis methods according to the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology and by the analysis of diurnal variation of heart rate. Blood samples are collected for the analysis of inflammatory markers (e.g. CRP, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and potential AFDAS predictors such as brain natriuretic peptide (BNP- AFDAS biomarker), endothelin-1 (endothelial dysfunction marker), Lipoprotein(a) \[Lp(a)\] and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) plasma levels, TAFI activity, TAFI single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), apo(a) isoform size and plasma catecholamines levels. Furthermore, specific neuroimaging findings (e.g., specific regions of the insula or its connections) and clinical features (e.g., impaired interoceptive processing, cognitive impairment, etc) are also analyzed. Interoception is assessed using a heartbeat detection task without feedback condition and gait, balance, frailty, and cognitive status in patients are evaluated by the administration of a battery of tests. Stroke recurrence will be assessed by a structured phone interview at 6 and 12 months after the initial stroke.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
100
Inclusion Criteria
  1. MCA territory-transient ischemic attack or -acute ischemic stroke patients seen in the Emergency Department or admitted to University Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada
  2. Age ≥ 18 years old
  3. Patient or Substitute Decision Maker must give written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Patients with autonomic dysfunction such as Parkinson's disease that can be interfering with outcome assessment based on qualified investigator's judgment.
  2. Patients taking tricyclic antidepressant (TCAs)
  3. Patients in whom the acute stroke is primarily hemorrhagic
  4. Patients with both TIA and atrial fibrillation
  5. Patients with both TIA and large vessel disease
  6. Patients with inflammatory diseases

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Changes and Differences in Autonomic FunctionWithin 48 hours of stroke onset and at 12, 30 and 90 days.

Differences in Composite Autonomic Severity Score (CASS) on an 11-point scale between patients with (a) AFDAS, (b) KAF , and (c) NSR

Changes and Differences in Inflammatory ResponsesWithin 48 hours of stroke onset and at 12, 30 and 90 days.

Differences in levels of plasma markers or temporal responses (CRP,TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, etc) between patients with (a) AFDAS, (b)KAF and (c) NSR.

Changes and Differences in Heart Rate Variability (HRV)At 14 days.

Differences in HRV parameters between patients with (a) AFDAS, and (b) NSR

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cognitive ImpairmentAt 6 months

Differences in cognition in patients with (a) AFDAS , (b) KAF and (c) NSR

BiomarkersWithin 48 hours of stroke onset, at 12, 30 and 90 days and at 6 months.

Differences in levels of plasma markers (BNP,endothelin-1, Lp(a), and TAFI) or neuroimaging/clinical predictors between patients with (a) AFDAS , (b) KAF and (c) NSR

Atrial Fibrillation BurdenAt 14 days

Difference in atrial fibrillation burden (sum of atrial fibrillation episodes for a period of time) of AFDAS subjects with mild stroke/TIA compared to AFDAS subjects with moderate/severe stroke.

Gait ImpairmentsAt 6 months

Differences in gait parameters in patients with a) AFDAS , (b) KAF and (c) NSR.

FrailtyAt 6 months

Differences in frailty in patients with (a) AFDAS , (b) KAF and (c) NSR

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University Hospital, London Helath Sciences Center

🇨🇦

London, Ontario, Canada

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