Elderly Demented Patients: Aromatherapy Complementary to Psychopharmacotherapy Psychological Disorders and BPSD Behavior

Not Applicable

Completed

Brief Summary: Behavioral and psycological symptoms of dementia, (BPSD) are one of the major problem for families, doctors and for patients the same. To reduce the side effects of the standard treatments, is important to find an alternative methods of treatment, eg the aromatherapy. There is an incresing in scientific evidence the its use in dementia behavior related.

Detailed Description: Behavioral and psycological symptoms of dementia, (BPSD) are one of the major problem for families, doctors and for patients the same.

In absence of the universally recognized guidelines, the standard treatment involves the use of psychotropic drugs (typical / atypical neuroleptics, antidepressants, benzodiazepines) that are often not very effective and involve a series of side effects such as sedation, slowing down -motor with impaired cognitive performance, cardiac electrical changes and extrapyramidal syndrome. In view of this, it is important to find an alternative methods of treatment, which can reduce psychological and behavioral disorders and at the same time the use of psychotropic drugs.

As for aromatherapy, ie the therapeutic use of natural essential oils, there is a decades-long clinical experience, especially in France, which is accompanied by increasing scientific evidence with considerable increase in publications in its use in psychological disorders and dementia behavior related. Based on the scientific publications available, it was therefore decided to use two essential oils (Citrus sinensis, Lavandula angustifolia) in environmental diffusion in the Geriatric Department of the Clinica Luganese Moncucco.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

patients admitted to the acute geriatric ward;
patients with a known diagnosis of dementia associated with BPSD or diagnosis performed during hospitalization.

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
GROUP B - aromatherapy group	essential oils	16 patients included in the inclusion criteria, treated with psychotropic drugs Pro Re Nata and, in a complementary way, with diffusion aromatherapy

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Role of Essential Oil Therapy in Environmental Diffusion as a Complement of Psychotropic Drugs in the Management of Psychological and Behavioral Disorders (BPSD)	Time 1 (baseline) and Time 3 (day 7)	The Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Nursing Home Version (NPI-NH) test will characterize the neuropsychiatric and psychopathological symptoms of patients affected by dementia. Events as delirium, anxiety, depression, etc. will be recorded by the frequency (from 0, absence, to 4, high frequency) and the seriousness (from 0, absence, to 3, high). The total score of the NPI-NH is given by the frequency x (multiply) seriousness (total score for each event has a range from 0 to 12). The patient final score will be given by the sum of the score of the 12 events. For each patient will be given a total score from 0 to 144. NPI NH score has been collected in both control and aromatherapy groups at T1 and T3, in patients who needed and who did not needed Pro Re Nata.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Role of Essential Oil Therapy in Environmental Diffusion in Professional Caregiver Distress Linked to BPSD	Time 1 (baseline) and Time 3 (day 7)	NPI-NH assess the psychological distress in physicians, nurses and nursing assistants who managed the patients. It has a score from 0 (no discomfort) to score of 5 (extreme discomfort). The psychological distress is measured for each of the 12 events in the NPI-NH scale, for a total score from 0 to 60.