Infant Sleep Behaviour and Gut Microbacteria

Brief Summary: The overarching study aim is to evaluate the development of sleep behavior and gut microbiota (GMB), and their potential interaction, during the vulnerable period of the first year of life. Age-specific fecal profiles with bacterial genome sequencing will provide new insight into the functional coevolution of the GMB and host sleep behavior.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

C-section delivery mode
Formula fed (at baseline)
Diseases or lesions of the central nervous system, acute pediatric disease, developmental/neurologic/metabolic disorders, chronic medical conditions, or head injury
Family history of narcolepsy/psychosis/bipolar disorder
Conceptual age of < 37 or > 42 weeks
Low birth weight (< 2500g)
Co-sleeping during > 50% of the time in the same bed
Medication use affecting sleep/alertness
Vaccination (2 weeks prior to study)
Antibiotics (3 months prior to study)
Travelling across a time zone (within 1 month prior to study)
intrauterine drug exposure, intrauterine infection, known or suspected drug or alcohol abuse
Insufficient knowledge of German (parents)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Differences in sleep phenotypes (high fragmentation vs low fragmentation, short vs long sleepers)	across the first twelve months of life
Differences in Gut Microbiome Diversity (alpha, beta, Shannon) and taxa abundance and association with sleep phenotypes	across the first twelve months of life

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Association of primary outcome measures with cognitive and behavioral questionnaires (Food, development, Sleep)	across the first twelve months of life

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