Integrating Health and Social Service Needs for Frail Elders at Point of Care: Development and Evaluation of an IT-based Digital Needs-assessment Tool
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Not yet recruiting
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 200
- Locations
- 1
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The goal of this trial is to evaluate whether a digital needs-assessment tool can improve care planning and outcomes for frail older adults (aged 60 years and above) hospitalized in Singapore. The tool is designed to identify patients' health and social service needs and support better care coordination after hospital discharge.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does the use of a digital needs-assessment tool improve the identification and management of health and social service needs in frail older adults?
- Does this approach improve patient outcomes, such as quality of life, care satisfaction, and healthcare utilization after discharge?
Participants will:
- Respond to a baseline questionnaire
- Receive a personalized care plan based on identified needs by the tool
- Be followed up at 1 month and 3 months after discharge through surveys
- Some participants will receive additional follow-up phone calls to review care needs and service use
- A subset of participants will take part in interviews to share their care experiences
Detailed Description
Older adults with frailty frequently experience multiple medical, functional, and social challenges following hospital discharge. Evidence from the Health and Social Service Needs study indicates that patients discharged with unmet health and health-related social service (HASS) needs have poorer post-discharge outcomes, including increased healthcare utilization. While frailty screening is commonly used to identify high-risk patients, frailty status alone does not identify the specific actionable needs that could mitigate health deterioration or support community living.
During hospitalization, assessments of these needs are typically conducted through referrals to medical social workers, patient navigators, case managers, or geriatricians. These referrals are discretionary and vary across providers and settings, contributing to inconsistent care delivery. Such approaches are resource-intensive and difficult to sustain under workforce constraints and may lead to missed identification of needs or delays in discharge, increasing the risk of unmet needs during care transitions.
This study evaluates the implementation of a needs-based assessment approach using the Simple Segmentation Tool (SST), a brief digital instrument developed in Singapore by Matchar et al. (2017). The SST is designed to rapidly identify likely actionable HASS needs and support care planning and referral processes. The tool can be completed in approximately 2-3 minutes by trained healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, and case managers, and is supported by an algorithm developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel.
Following enrollment, hospital staff will complete the SST based on participants' clinical and social circumstances. Care plans will be generated using outputs from the SST and reviewed with participants and/or their caregivers. If a participant is readmitted within three weeks of discharge, the SST assessment will be repeated following the subsequent discharge to ensure that care plans reflect updated or evolving needs. Participants who decline recommended services will remain enrolled in the study but will not be counted toward the target sample size of 200 participants.
Participants will complete a baseline questionnaire during hospitalization and will be followed after discharge with structured surveys administered at one month and three months. These surveys will assess post-discharge outcomes related to health status, care experiences, and healthcare utilization. Qualitative interviews will also be conducted with a subset of patients and healthcare staff to explore experiences, perceived value, and implementation challenges associated with SST-guided care planning.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Health Services Research
- Masking
- Single (Participant)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 60 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Patient participant: (i) Aged >= 60 years at the time of recruitment; (ii) identified as frail, with a CFS score >= 5 and/or modified HFRS intermediate and high frailty risk (mHFRS) score >=5; (iii) Singapore citizens or permanent residents; (iv) able to speak and understand English, Chinese or Malay.
- •Proxy (when responding on behalf of eligible patients): (i) Relative or friend of the patient participant; (ii) Aged 21 years or older; (iii) Familiar with the older adult's health and social situation.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Patient participant: (i) Currently involved in another study or (ii) residents of nursing homes, or (iii) patients known to home hospice or home palliative care services with a life expectancy of less than 6 months.
- •Proxy: primary caregivers who are foreign domestic workers will be excluded from the study.
Investigators
Angelique Chan
Associate Professor
Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School