A Study to Compare the Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy and Short-Wave Diathermy in reducing pain, improving range of motion and alleviating functional disability in participants with Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Not yet recruiting

Conditions: Adhesive capsulitis of shoulder,

Registration Number: CTRI/2025/05/087547

Lead Sponsor: Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences

Brief Summary: This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effectiveness of **Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT)** and **Short-Wave Diathermy (SWD)** in treating **Adhesive Capsulitis (frozen shoulder)**. Participants (aged 35–60) will be recruited from UPUMS, Saifai’s Orthopaedics OPD, screened for eligibility, and randomly assigned to **Group A (ESWT + SME Technique + Home Exercise)** or **Group B (SWD + SME Technique + Home Exercise)**. Each group will have **28 participants** (adjusted for a 10% dropout rate).

**Inclusion criteria:** Diagnosis of Adhesive Capsulitis, shoulder pain/restricted movement (>2 months), willingness to attend follow-ups. **Exclusion criteria:** Prior shoulder surgery, active infections, fractures, or contraindications (e.g., pregnancy, pacemakers).

**Treatment Protocols:**

- **Group A:** Receives **ESWT** (2000 shocks, 0.06–0.14 mJ/mm², 8Hz) + **SME Technique** (7-step manual therapy) + **Home Exercises** (pendulum, wall climbing, pulley exercises).

- **Group B:** Receives **SWD** (27.12 MHz, 20 mins/session) + **SME Technique** + the same **Home Exercises**. Both groups undergo **3 sessions/week for 2 weeks**, with follow-ups at 2 weeks post-treatment.

**Outcome Measures:**

1. **Pain:** Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and algometer (pressure pain threshold).

2. **Range of Motion (ROM):** Digital goniometer.

3. **Functional Disability:** Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Assessments occur at **baseline (t0), post-treatment (t1), and 2-week follow-up (t2).**

**Statistical Analysis:** Data analyzed using **SPSS** to test hypotheses:

- **Null (H0):** No difference between ESWT and SWD.

- **Alternative (H1):** Significant difference in pain reduction, ROM, or function.

**Novelty:** First direct comparison of **ESWT+SME vs. SWD+SME**, evaluating combined effects on pain, ROM, and function. Ethical approval and informed consent will be obtained.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Not Yet Recruiting

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 56

Inclusion Criteria

•Participants diagnosed with Adhesive Capsulitis by an Orthopaedics.
•Age 35 to 60 years.
•Both male and female.
•Willing to participate in the study and attend follow up session.
•Painful restricted movement of shoulder, for more than 2 months.

Exclusion Criteria

•Surgical intervention on the affected shoulder.
•Active infection or abscess in the affected shoulder.
•Untreated shoulder subluxation, dislocation and fracture.
•Known Contraindication to ESWT and SWD e.g. Pregnancy, Artificial Pacemaker, Sensitive to heat, Malignancy, Osteoporosis.

Study & Design

Study Type: Interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Pain Intensity, Range of Motion, and Functional Disability	Base line, After completing the two weeks of treatment and Follow up post two weeks of treatment.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method

Trial Locations

Locations (1): Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences
🇮🇳
Etawah, UTTAR PRADESH, India
Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences
🇮🇳Etawah, UTTAR PRADESH, India
Dr Aishwarya Patel
Principal investigator
9720489790
aishwaryapatel8366@gmail.com