Reducing Internalized Stigma Among Veterans With PTSD: A Pilot Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 57
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Inventory (Internalized Stigma)
研究概览
简要总结
Veterans with PTSD report that stigma and fear of stigma have a chilling effect on their participation in mental health treatment. Despite the widely-documented effects of stigma on the recovery of individuals with mental illnesses and research demonstrating harmful consequences of internalized stigma, including decreased hope, self-esteem, personal motivation, and persistence regarding illness management, no interventions are currently available to assist Veterans with PTSD in combating the impact of internalized stigma. The goal of this research is to develop and pilot-test an intervention to provide Veterans with PTSD the skills to cope effectively with stigma and to mitigate the internalization of stigmatizing beliefs and stereotypes. To accomplish this purpose, Ending Self Stigma (ESS), an intervention composed of evidence-based methods for combating internalized stigma for serious mental illness, will be modified and tested to address issues particular to PTSD.
详细描述
Stigma and fear of stigma are widespread among Veterans with PTSD and both have pernicious effects on Veterans' well-being and participation in mental health treatment. Internalized stigma is a harmful consequence of societal stigma, and has been associated with decreased hope, self-esteem, personal motivation, morale, self-regard, and persistence regarding illness management among individuals with a range of mental illnesses. Internalized stigma also has negative impacts on the recovery and well-being of Veterans with PTSD specifically, but no evidence-based interventions are currently available to assist Veterans with PTSD in combatting the impact of internalized stigma. Therefore, the purpose of this proposal is to develop and pilot-test an intervention to provide Veterans with PTSD the skills to cope effectively with stigma and to mitigate the internalization of stigmatizing beliefs and stereotypes. To that end, the investigators will modify Ending Self Stigma (ESS), an intervention composed of evidence-based strategies for combating internalized stigma for mental illness developed by the investigators' team, to specifically serve the needs of Veterans with PTSD.
This proposed project is composed of two phases. In Phase I, the investigators will produce an intervention and accompanying manual for the PTSD version of ESS (ESS-P), based upon the strategies and structure of the existing ESS intervention. To this end, the investigators will interview Veterans with a PTSD diagnosis to learn more about their experience with societal and internalized stigma associated with PTSD, plus other considerations and issues in addressing internalized stigma with such Veterans. Information gleaned in these qualitative interviews will form the basis of the investigators' adaption of the ESS intervention to specifically address the needs of Veterans with PTSD. In Phase II, the investigators will pilot-test ESS-P with Veterans who have PTSD, to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. In addition, the investigators will preliminarily estimate the effects of ESS-P through comparison to a control group receiving only an informational brochure on internalized stigma associated with PTSD. These feasibility, implementation and pilot outcome data will be used to further refine the intervention, towards the goal of conducting a future larger scale study of ESS-P within the VA system.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
Assessors were blind with regards to participants condition
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 70 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •a diagnosis of PTSD
- •age between 18 and 70
- •participation in mental health services at the VAMHCS
- •sufficient clinical stability to participate
排除标准
- •a diagnosis of serious mental illness
- •schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder
- •bipolar disorder
- •major depression with psychotic features
- •participation in the Phase I qualitative study
研究组 & 干预措施
Ending Self-Stigma for PTSD
Ending Self Stigma for PTSD (ESS-P) is a 9-session small-group (6-8 persons) course designed to help individuals with PTSD develop skills to effectively cope with stigma and minimize the internalization of stigmatizing beliefs and stereotypes. Sessions combine in-class lecture, discussion of relevance to group members' personal experiences, review and practice of strategies and skills, and group sharing, support, and problem-solving. Each session is designed to focus on a specific strategy for addressing self-stigma.
干预措施: Ending Self Stigma for PTSD (Behavioral)
Enhanced Treatment as Usual
The comparison condition will consist of providing a pamphlet that discusses societal stigma and internalized stigma, and provides resources to help combat the effects of both. Participants will be given the informational pamphlet and study staff will discuss its content with the participant.
干预措施: Enhanced Treatment as Usual (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Inventory (Internalized Stigma)
时间窗: Basline and Post Treatment (~3 1/2 months)
The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Inventory was used to measure of internalized or self-stigma. A total score is calculated by taking an average of the responses on the items (range=1 to 4). Higher total scores indicate greater internalized stigma.
次要结局
- Social Self-Efficacy(Baseline and Post Treatment (~3 1/2 months))
- General Self-Efficacy(Baseline and Post Treatment (~3 1/2 months))