Hydroxychloroquine

Generic Name: Hydroxychloroquine

Brand Names: Plaquenil, Sovuna

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₁₈H_₂₆ClN_₃O

CAS Number: 118-42-3

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 4QWG6N8QKH

Background: Hydroxychloroquine is a racemic mixture consisting of an R and S enantiomer. Hydroxychloroquine is an aminoquinoline like chloroquine. It is a commonly prescribed medication in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine is also used for the prophylaxis of malaria in regions where chloroquine resistance is unlikely. It was developed during World War II as a derivative of quinacrine with less severe side effects. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are both being investigated for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.

The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.

Hydroxychloroquine was granted FDA approval on 18 April 1955.

A recent study reported a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19.

Indication: Hydroxychloroquine is indicated for the prophylaxis of malaria where chloroquine resistance is not reported, treatment of uncomplicated malaria (caused by P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax), chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, acute rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic rheumatoid arthritis.

Associated Conditions: Acute Rheumatoid Arthritis, Malaria, Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Q Fever, Sjogren's Syndrome (SS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium Vivax, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale, Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Hydroxychloroquine as Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Against COVID-19 Infection

Phase 3

Terminated

Conditions: COVID-19
SARS-CoV 2

Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Vitamin D
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-05-01

Last Posted Date: 2021-12-10

Lead Sponsor: Sanford Health

Target Recruit Count: 1

Registration Number: NCT04372017

Locations: 🇺🇸
Sanford Health, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States

Hydroxychloroquine and Zinc With Either Azithromycin or Doxycycline for Treatment of COVID-19 in Outpatient Setting

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: COVID-19

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Zinc Sulfate
Drug: Azithromycin
Drug: Doxycycline

First Posted Date: 2020-05-01

Last Posted Date: 2020-12-09

Lead Sponsor: St. Francis Hospital, New York

Target Recruit Count: 18

Registration Number: NCT04370782

Locations: 🇺🇸
St Francis Hospital, Roslyn, New York, United States

Hydroxychloroquine or Diltiazem-Niclosamide for the Treatment of COVID-19

Phase 3

Withdrawn

Conditions: Sars-CoV2

Interventions: Other: Standard of care (SOC)
Drug: Association of diltiazem and niclosamide
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-05-01

Last Posted Date: 2021-03-11

Lead Sponsor: University Hospital, Lille

Registration Number: NCT04372082

Hydroxychloroquine Chemoprophylaxis for COVID-19 Infection in High-risk Healthcare Workers.

Not Applicable

Conditions: SARS-CoV-2
Healthcare Workers

Interventions: Drug: Placebo oral tablet
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-04-30

Last Posted Date: 2020-05-06

Lead Sponsor: Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Pakistan

Target Recruit Count: 374

Registration Number: NCT04370015

Bacteriotherapy in the Treatment of COVID-19

Conditions: Diarrhea
COVID
Pneumonia

Interventions: Dietary Supplement: SivoMixx (200 billion)
Drug: hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Azithromycin

First Posted Date: 2020-04-29

Last Posted Date: 2020-05-04

Lead Sponsor: University of Roma La Sapienza

Target Recruit Count: 70

Registration Number: NCT04368351

Locations: 🇮🇹
Department of Public Heath and Infectious Diseases. University of Rome "Sapienza" (Italy), Rome, Italy

OUTpatient Treatment of COVID-19 in Patients With Risk Factor for Poor Outcome

Phase 3

Withdrawn

Conditions: COVID

Interventions: Drug: Azithromycin
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Lopinavir 200Mg/Ritonavir 50Mg Tab

First Posted Date: 2020-04-28

Last Posted Date: 2021-04-27

Lead Sponsor: Fondation Hôpital Saint-Joseph

Registration Number: NCT04365582

Oxygen-Ozone as Adjuvant Treatment in Early Control of COVID-19 Progression and Modulation of the Gut Microbial Flora

Phase 2

Conditions: SARS-CoV 2
COVID
Pneumonia, Viral
Coronavirus Infection

Interventions: Other: Oxygen-ozone therapy, probiotic supplementation and Standard of care
Drug: Azithromycin
Dietary Supplement: SivoMixx (200 billion)
Drug: hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-04-28

Last Posted Date: 2020-04-28

Lead Sponsor: Roberto Poscia MD, PhD

Target Recruit Count: 152

Registration Number: NCT04366089

Locations: 🇮🇹
Francesco Pugliese, Rome, RM, Italy

Hydroxychloroquine as Prophylaxis for COVID-19 in Healthcare Workers (HCQPreP)

Phase 3

Conditions: COVID-19
Corona Virus Infection
Prophylaxis
Healthcare Worker
Sars-CoV2
Hydroxychloroquine
Wuhan Coronavirus

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-04-27

Last Posted Date: 2020-09-02

Lead Sponsor: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans

Target Recruit Count: 1700

Registration Number: NCT04363450

Locations: 🇺🇸
Lafayette General Medical Center, Lafayette, Louisiana, United States
🇺🇸
University Hospital and Clinics, Lafayette, Louisiana, United States