Hydroxychloroquine

Generic Name: Hydroxychloroquine

Brand Names: Plaquenil, Sovuna

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₁₈H_₂₆ClN_₃O

CAS Number: 118-42-3

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 4QWG6N8QKH

Background: Hydroxychloroquine is a racemic mixture consisting of an R and S enantiomer. Hydroxychloroquine is an aminoquinoline like chloroquine. It is a commonly prescribed medication in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine is also used for the prophylaxis of malaria in regions where chloroquine resistance is unlikely. It was developed during World War II as a derivative of quinacrine with less severe side effects. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are both being investigated for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.

The FDA emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.

Hydroxychloroquine was granted FDA approval on 18 April 1955.

A recent study reported a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19.

Indication: Hydroxychloroquine is indicated for the prophylaxis of malaria where chloroquine resistance is not reported, treatment of uncomplicated malaria (caused by P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax), chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, acute rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic rheumatoid arthritis.

Associated Conditions: Acute Rheumatoid Arthritis, Malaria, Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Q Fever, Sjogren's Syndrome (SS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium Vivax, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale, Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis, Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine for Treatment of COVID-19

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
COVID-19
Coronavirus

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2020-02-07

Last Posted Date: 2020-04-13

Lead Sponsor: Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center

Target Recruit Count: 30

Registration Number: NCT04261517

Locations: 🇨🇳
Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China

Hydroxychloroquine and Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Folic Acid
Drug: Low-dose aspirin

First Posted Date: 2020-01-14

Last Posted Date: 2023-12-07

Lead Sponsor: Assiut University

Target Recruit Count: 156

Registration Number: NCT04228263

Locations: 🇪🇬
Abdel-rahman Mahmoud Mohammed, Assiut, Egypt

Study of Combination Therapy With the MEK Inhibitor, Cobimetinib, Immune Checkpoint Blockade, Atezolizumab, and the AUTOphagy Inhibitor, Hydroxychloroquine in KRAS-mutated Advanced Malignancies

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Cobimetinib
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Atezolizumab

First Posted Date: 2020-01-02

Last Posted Date: 2024-12-18

Lead Sponsor: Columbia University

Target Recruit Count: 27

Registration Number: NCT04214418

Locations: 🇺🇸
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
🇺🇸
Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States

A Trial of Dabrafenib, Trametinib and Hydroxychloroquine for Patients With Recurrent LGG or HGG With a BRAF Aberration

Phase 1

Recruiting

Conditions: Low Grade Glioma of Brain With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
High Grade Glioma (HGG) of the Brain With BRAF Aberration
Low Grade Glioma (LGG) of Brain With BRAF Aberration

Interventions: Drug: Dabrafenib
Drug: Trametinib
Drug: Hydroxychloroquine

First Posted Date: 2019-12-17

Last Posted Date: 2024-04-05

Lead Sponsor: Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium

Target Recruit Count: 75

Registration Number: NCT04201457

Locations: 🇺🇸
Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States
🇺🇸
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
🇺🇸
Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States

and more 12 locations

Combined Carfilzomib and Hydroxychloroquine in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine
Drug: Carfilzomib Injection
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2019-11-14

Last Posted Date: 2022-03-18

Lead Sponsor: Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Target Recruit Count: 19

Registration Number: NCT04163107

Locations: 🇳🇴
St. Olavs Hospital, Department of Hematology, Trondheim, Norway
🇳🇴
Oslo University Hospital, Department of Hematology, Oslo Myeloma Center, Oslo, Norway