Aglatimagene besadenovec

No single treatment has shown survival benefits for recurrent GBM in large-scale trials, leading to no standardized treatment. Clinical trials are encouraged, with NCCN guidelines suggesting bevacizumab, lomustine, or temozolomide rechallenge. Innovations in surgery, radiation, systemic therapy, and trial design aim to improve survival. GBM, the most common malignant brain tumor in adults, has a poor prognosis despite standard treatments like surgery, RT, and TMZ. New therapies, including LITT, FUS, CED, and oncolytic viruses, are under investigation to enhance treatment efficacy and BBB permeability.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Current treatments include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, but recurrence is common. Advanced therapies like immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and gene editing are emerging as promising options. Challenges include the blood-brain barrier and tumor heterogeneity. Personalized treatment strategies and AI in imaging and treatment planning are key to improving outcomes.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively infect and kill cancer cells, showing significant anti-tumor effects with mild adverse events. As of October 2021, 408 clinical trials on 31 OV products have been conducted, with phase I and II studies making up 80%. OVs like H101, T-VEC, and G47Δ have been approved, demonstrating safety and efficacy in tumor treatment. Challenges include targeting, vector cell selection, and viral diffusion. OVs combined with other therapies enhance anti-tumor effects, indicating a promising future in cancer immunotherapy.