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Melphalan is an alkylating agent used to treat multiple myeloma, ovarian carcinoma, uveal melanoma with unresectable hepatic metastases, and for high-dose conditioning before hematopoietic stem cell transplant in patients.
Melphalan is an alkylating agent used to treat multiple myeloma, ovarian carcinoma, uveal melanoma with unresectable hepatic metastases, and for high-dose conditioning before hematopoietic stem cell transplant in patients.
Melphalan is an alkylating agent of the bischloroethylamine type. It is believed to be taken up by tumour cells via a neutral amino acid active pathway shared by leucine. Melphalan binds at the N7 position of guanine and induces inter-strand cross-links in DNA, disrupting DNA synthesis or transcription. It can also cause DNA-protein cross-linking and induce lesions in RNA, proteins, and lipids. Melphalan is cytotoxic in resting and rapidly dividing tumour cells.
Melphalan is indicated for use as a high-dose conditioning treatment prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. It is also indicated for the palliative treatment of multiple myeloma and for the palliation of non-resectable epithelial carcinoma of the ovary. Melphalan is a component of HEPZATO KIT, a liver-directed therapy indicated for the treatment of adults with uveal melanoma with unresectable hepatic metastases affecting less than 50% of the liver and no extrahepatic disease or extrahepatic disease limited to the bone, lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissues, or lung that is amenable to resection or radiation.
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