达肝素钠 (Fragmin)

概览

Dalteparin is a low molecular weight heparin used for the prophylaxis of thrombotic events in certain patients and prevent acute cardiac ischemic events in patients with unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction.

作用机制

Dalteparin potentiates the activity of ATIII, inhibiting the formation of both factor Xa and thrombin. The main difference between dalteparin and unfractionated heparin (UH) is that dalteparin preferentially inactivates factor Xa. As a result, only a slight increase in clotting time [(i.e. activated partial thomboplastin time (APTT)] is observed relative to UH. For this same reason, APTT is not used to monitor the effects of dalteparin except as an indicator for overdosage.

适应症

Dalteparin is used as a prophylaxis for deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolisms in patients undergoing general surgery (e.g., abdominal, gynecologic, urologic), and in patients with acute medical conditions (e.g. cancer, bed rest, heart failure, severe lung disease). It is also used in patients who have severely restricted mobility, which poses a risk for thromboembolic complications. Dalteparin is also used concomitantly with aspirin and/or other therapy (e.g., nitrates, β-adrenergic blockers, clopidogrel, platelet glycoprotein [GP] IIb/IIIa-receptor inhibitors) to reduce the risk of acute cardiac ischemic events. The patients who undergo this treatment combination have unstable angina or non-ST-segment elevation/non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (i.e., non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes). It is also used in the prevention of clotting during hemodialysis and hemofiltration in connection with acute renal failure or chronic renal insufficiency.

• Cardiovascular Events
• Clotting
• Deep Vein Thrombosis
• Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism
• Venous Thromboembolism