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Voxelotor

Generic Name
Voxelotor
Brand Names
Oxbryta
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Chemical Formula
C19H19N3O3
CAS Number
1446321-46-5
Unique Ingredient Identifier
3ZO554A4Q8

Overview

Voxelotor is a novel hemoglobin S polymerization inhibitor for the treatment of sickle cell disease. This is a genetically inherited condition most prevalent in the Middle East, Africa, and certain parts of India. Sickle cell disease can lead to excruciating pain, stroke, infection, and various other complications arising from the blockage of blood vessels. Voxelotor was granted accelerated FDA approval on November 25 2019, as it is likely to be a promising treatment for the 100,000 individuals in the U.S. suffering from the disease, in addition to 20 million others worldwide. It was developed by Global Blood Therapeutics, Inc. and is unique from other drugs used to treat sickle cell anemia, such as hydroxyurea, L-glutamine, and crizanlizumab due to its novel mechanism of action. The EMA approved the use of voxelotor for the treatment of hemolytic anemia associated with sickle cell disease in February 2022.

Indication

In the US, voxelotor is indicated to treat sickle cell disease in both adult and pediatric patients aged 4 years and older. In Europe, it is indicated for the treatment of hemolytic anemia due to sickle cell disease (SCD) in adults and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older as monotherapy or in combination with hydroxyurea.

Associated Conditions

  • Hemolytic Anemia
  • Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

Research Report

Published: Aug 29, 2025

Voxelotor (Oxbryta): A Comprehensive Clinical and Regulatory Monograph on a Novel Sickle Cell Disease Therapy and Its Market Withdrawal

I. Executive Summary

Voxelotor, marketed under the brand name Oxbryta, represents a landmark case in modern therapeutic development for rare diseases. Developed by Global Blood Therapeutics and later acquired by Pfizer, it was introduced as a first-in-class, small-molecule hemoglobin S (HbS) polymerization inhibitor, offering a novel, targeted therapeutic strategy for Sickle Cell Disease (SCD).[1] By directly addressing the root molecular pathology of SCD—the polymerization of deoxygenated HbS—Voxelotor was positioned as a potential disease-modifying agent, distinct from existing supportive care and symptom-management treatments.[2]

The drug's development was expedited through multiple regulatory pathways, culminating in an Accelerated Approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2019 for patients aged 12 and older, with a subsequent expansion to children as young as four in 2021.[5] Marketing authorization from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) followed in February 2022.[2] These approvals were granted on the basis of a surrogate endpoint: a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin (Hb) levels, as demonstrated in the pivotal Phase 3 HOPE clinical trial.[4] This endpoint was deemed "reasonably likely to predict a clinical benefit," a cornerstone of the accelerated approval framework designed to hasten the availability of promising drugs for serious conditions with unmet medical needs.

Continue reading the full research report

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