ATP

The 2024 tennis year has seen high-profile doping cases involving Jannik Sinner, Iga Swiatek, and Max Purcell. Swiatek received a one-month ban for testing positive for trimetazidine, attributed to melatonin contamination. Sinner was cleared, but WADA appealed for a ban. Purcell accepted a provisional suspension for violating anti-doping rules. ITIA CEO Karen Moorhouse emphasizes player responsibility and education to prevent doping violations.

Nicholas Trunfio and colleagues developed a model to identify 'golden batches' of bioprocesses by monitoring metabolic parameters, using CHO K1 cells and flux balance analysis. This approach can optimize process development and ensure safe, effective therapies.

Saol Therapeutics submitted an NDA to the FDA for SL1009, Sodium Dichloroacetate Oral Solution, for treating Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency (PDCD) in children, supported by Phase 3 study results.

Anusha Gupta developed the Ciliary Beat Frequency (CBF) assay and CiliaBeat software, enabling precise analysis of ciliary movements in disease states and compound treatments. The software detects CBF changes as small as 0.25 Hz and processes over 3,000 sample videos overnight. Challenges included minimizing background noise and refining heatmaps. Anusha's work aims to advance drug development and respiratory research.

AI-based protein structure prediction reshapes scientific discovery, with AlphaFold v2 (AF2) accurately predicting specific forms of 99.68% of distinct folds. However, 27.70% of folds have at least one experimental structure over 2.5Å RMSD from AI-predicted structures, highlighting the need for dynamic models to capture protein flexibility essential for critical cellular processes.

Microscopic imaging and FRAP experiments reveal CTAB-BSA forms micron-sized liquid-like droplets with high mobility. Nucleotide presence affects droplet pH and mobility, with ATP showing stronger interaction with CTAB. Droplet stability and pH are influenced by nucleotide binding, with ATP significantly decreasing surface potential. Fluorescence spectroscopy using HPTS indicates nucleotides alter droplet pH, with ATP causing a sharp decrease. Confocal microscopy confirms ATP-induced pH changes and their impact on protein functionalization rates, particularly enhancing lysine-specific NBD functionalization. Enzymatic hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and P_i reverses these effects, demonstrating temporal control over protein modification in droplet states.

Human prostate cell lines were cultured in various media, treated with PT-112, and analyzed for cell viability, cytotoxicity, caspase-3 activation, morphology, apoptosis, mitochondrial function, OXPHOS performance, and DAMP emission. Statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism and FlowJo software.