Magnesium citrate
- Generic Name
- Magnesium citrate
- Brand Names
- Citroma
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule
- Chemical Formula
- C12H10Mg3O14
- CAS Number
- 3344-18-1
- Unique Ingredient Identifier
- RHO26O1T9V
Overview
Magnesium citrate is a low volume and osmotic cathartic agent. The cathartic action works primarily through the high osmolarity of the solution which draws large amounts of fluid into space where is used. Magnesium citrate is considered by the FDA as an approved inactive ingredient for approved drug products under the specifications of oral administration of a maximum concentration of 237 mg. It is also considered as an active ingredient in over-the-counter products.
Background
Magnesium citrate is a low volume and osmotic cathartic agent. The cathartic action works primarily through the high osmolarity of the solution which draws large amounts of fluid into space where is used. Magnesium citrate is considered by the FDA as an approved inactive ingredient for approved drug products under the specifications of oral administration of a maximum concentration of 237 mg. It is also considered as an active ingredient in over-the-counter products.
Indication
Magnesium citrate has been used in bowel preparations prior to a colonoscopy as a cathartic agent. It is also used in over-the-counter products to relieve occasional constipation. Magnesium citrate can be one of the forms used for the administration of dietary supplements.
Associated Conditions
- Migraine
Research Report
Magnesium Citrate Report
Name: Magnesium citrate Name (English): Magnesium citrate DrugBank ID: DB11110 Type: Small Molecule CAS Number: 3344-18-1
Magnesium citrate is a magnesium salt of citric acid with the molecular formula $\text{C}{12}\text{H}{10}\text{Mg}3\text{O}{14}$ and a molecular weight of 451.113 g/mol. It may exist as an anhydrous or hydrated salt.
Pharmacology: Magnesium citrate is an osmotic laxative that works by increasing fluid in the small intestine, which stimulates bowel movements. The high osmolality of the solution draws large amounts of fluid into the colonic lumen. It may also stimulate fluid excretion by cholecystokinin release and activation of muscle peristalsis. Magnesium is also an essential mineral involved in numerous enzymatic reactions and physiological processes.
Indications:
- Bowel preparation before medical procedures like colonoscopy.
- Relief of occasional constipation.
- Magnesium supplementation for the treatment or prevention of hypomagnesemia.
Dosage & Administration: Dosage varies depending on the indication and patient age. For constipation in adults, 195-300 mL of oral solution in a single daily dose or divided doses with a full glass of water, or 2-4 tablets at bedtime. For bowel preparation, a healthcare professional will provide specific instructions. As a nutritional supplement, the recommended daily allowance for magnesium varies by age and sex.
Contraindications:
- Bowel obstruction or perforation
- Ileus
- Severe abdominal pain
- Nausea or vomiting
- Rectal bleeding
- Kidney disease
Adverse Effects: Common side effects include abdominal discomfort, cramping, gas, and nausea. More serious side effects may include persistent diarrhea, severe abdominal pain, slow or irregular heartbeat, mental or mood changes, muscle weakness, and dehydration.
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FDA Approved Products
Singapore Approved Products
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