MedPath

Glucose

Generic Name
Glucose
Brand Names
Bss Ophthalmic Solution, Citrasate, Clinimix 2.75/5, Clinimix E 2.75/5, Dextroject, Dianeal, H.E.L.P.bicel, Hemosate Ultra, Lactate 1-2-3, Leukotrap, Naturalyte, Nauzene, Normosol-R, Nxstage Pureflow, Olimel, Periolimel, Physioneal 40, Sag-M, Sclerodex, Selectbag One
Drug Type
Small Molecule
Unique Ingredient Identifier
IY9XDZ35W2

Overview

Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) generated during phosynthesis involving water, carbon and sunlight in plants. It is produced in humans via hepatic gluconeogenesis and breakdown of polymeric glucose forms (glycogenolysis). It circulates in human circulation as blood glucose and acts as an essential energy source for many organisms through aerobic or anaerobic respiration and fermentation. It is primarily stored as starch in plants and glycogen in animals to be used in various metabolic processes in the cellular level. Its aldohexose stereoisomer, dextrose or D-glucose, is the most commonly occurring isomer of glucose in nature. L-glucose is a synthesized enantiomer that is used as a low-calorie sweetener and laxative. The unspecified form of glucose is commonly supplied as an injection for nutritional supplementation or metabolic disorders where glucose levels are improperly regulated. Glucose is listed on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Background

Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) generated during phosynthesis involving water, carbon and sunlight in plants. It is produced in humans via hepatic gluconeogenesis and breakdown of polymeric glucose forms (glycogenolysis). It circulates in human circulation as blood glucose and acts as an essential energy source for many organisms through aerobic or anaerobic respiration and fermentation. It is primarily stored as starch in plants and glycogen in animals to be used in various metabolic processes in the cellular level. Its aldohexose stereoisomer, dextrose or D-glucose, is the most commonly occurring isomer of glucose in nature. L-glucose is a synthesized enantiomer that is used as a low-calorie sweetener and laxative. The unspecified form of glucose is commonly supplied as an injection for nutritional supplementation or metabolic disorders where glucose levels are improperly regulated. Glucose is listed on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Indication

Glucose pharmaceutical formulations (oral tablets, injections) are indicated for caloric supply and carbohydrate supplementation in case of nutrient deprivation. It is also used in metabolic disorders such as hypoglycemia.

Associated Conditions

  • Arrhythmia
  • Caloric Deficit
  • Edema of the cerebrum
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Metabolic Alkalosis

FDA Approved Products

Sterile Cord Blood Collection Unit (MSC128D)
Manufacturer:Maco Productions
Route:INTRAVENOUS
Strength:0.74 g in 29 mL
Approved: 2017/12/21
NDC:14498-004
Leukotrap WB System
Manufacturer:Haemonetics Corporation
Route:INTRAVENOUS
Strength:2.01 g in 63 mL
Approved: 2023/07/19
NDC:53157-736
Potassium Chloride in Dextrose and Sodium Chloride
Manufacturer:Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC
Route:INTRAVENOUS
Strength:50 g in 1000 mL
Approved: 2017/03/02
NDC:65219-153
Dextrose
Manufacturer:Hospira, Inc.
Route:INTRAVENOUS
Strength:25 g in 50 mL
Approved: 2023/04/27
NDC:0409-6648
AS 3
Manufacturer:Terumo BCT Ltd
Route:INTRAVENOUS
Strength:1.1 g in 100 mL
Approved: 2018/12/04
NDC:14537-966

Singapore Approved Products

BALANCE 2.3% GLUCOSE 1.25 MMOL/L CALCIUM PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SOLUTION (CAPD 19 FORMULATION)
Manufacturer:FRESENIUS MEDICAL CARE DEUTSCHLAND GMBH, FRESENIUS MEDICAL CARE JAPAN K.K. (BUZEN PLANT)
Form:SOLUTION, STERILE
Strength:25 G/L
Online:Yes
Approved: 2007/05/02
Approval:SIN13266P

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