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(S)-camphor, or L(-)-Camphor, is a stereoisomer of Camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene known to potentiate both heat and cold sensations . (S)-camphor is not the naturally-occurring stereoisomer but displays similar TRPV channel affinity and current inhibition . Camphor is isolated from the wood of the camphor laurel tree, Cinnamomum camphora, and had a long history of medicinal use. It has been used as a nasal decongestant and cough suppressant, and has been topically applied due to its antipruritic, analgesic, and counterirritant properties . Camphor is a major active ingredient in over-the-counter balms and liniments supplied as topical analgesics by causing sensitization to heat and coolness to relieve minor muscle and joint pain .
(S)-camphor, or L(-)-Camphor, is a stereoisomer of Camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene known to potentiate both heat and cold sensations . (S)-camphor is not the naturally-occurring stereoisomer but displays similar TRPV channel affinity and current inhibition . Camphor is isolated from the wood of the camphor laurel tree, Cinnamomum camphora, and had a long history of medicinal use. It has been used as a nasal decongestant and cough suppressant, and has been topically applied due to its antipruritic, analgesic, and counterirritant properties . Camphor is a major active ingredient in over-the-counter balms and liniments supplied as topical analgesics by causing sensitization to heat and coolness to relieve minor muscle and joint pain .
TRPV3 cation channels are molecular sensors that play a role in nociception and thermosensation by inducing thermal sensation and heat-induced hyperalgesia . Camphor interacts with TRPV3 channels via pore-region cysteine residues , leading to channel activation and a rise in intracellular calcium levels. Camphor also activates TRPV1 and a TRPV1-like current in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons but inhibits the ankyrin-repeat TRP 1 (TRPA1) channel expressed in most nociceptive DRG neurons, which is responsible for the detection of temperature . The precise role of TRPA1 current inhibition on the analgesic properties of camphor is unclear. Repeated stimulation by camphor leads to sensitization of the TRPV1 and TRPV3 channels, resulting in desensitization, or reduced channel response that likely leads to the analgesic effects of camphor . Camphor also activates cold-sensitive transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) and sensitizes cold-induced calcium transients, which explains the cooling effect of camphor following dermal application. Additionally, camphor was shown to inhibit the TRPM8 receptor response to menthol .
Indicated for the temporary symptomatic relief of minor aches and pains of muscles and joints in topical analgesics.
共 2 项相关疾病
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