Recent therapeutic advances from Merck, Kazia Therapeutics, and others offer hope for glioblastoma patients, with small molecules, immunotherapies, and oncolytic viruses showing potential. Kazia's paxalisib and Merck's MOD-246 are notable, while cell and gene therapies like CAR T cells and CorriXR's gene therapy are emerging as next frontiers. Immunotherapies and vaccines are also being developed to target glioblastoma's immunosuppressive effects, with the market expected to grow to $5.7 billion by 2033.