Cefprozil (DB01150): A Comprehensive Pharmacological and Clinical Monograph

Section 1: Drug Identification and Chemical Profile

Cefprozil is a semi-synthetic, orally administered, second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. As a member of the β-lactam class of antibacterial agents, it has played a significant role in the management of common community-acquired bacterial infections since its introduction. This section provides a detailed overview of its chemical identity, nomenclature, and physicochemical properties, which form the basis of its pharmacological activity and clinical utility.

1.1 Nomenclature and Identifiers

The precise identification of a pharmaceutical agent is fundamental for clinical practice, research, and regulatory affairs. Cefprozil is identified by a standardized set of names and registry numbers that ensure unambiguous communication across different disciplines and databases.

• Systematic (IUPAC) Name: The definitive chemical name for Cefprozil is (6R,7R)−7−amino]−8−oxo−3−prop−1−enyl−5−thia−1−azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct−2−ene−2−carboxylicacid.[1] This nomenclature precisely defines the molecule's core cephem structure, the stereochemistry at its chiral centers (critical for its interaction with bacterial enzymes), and the specific side chains that determine its spectrum of activity and pharmacokinetic properties.
• Registry Numbers and Database Identifiers: Cefprozil is cataloged in major chemical and pharmacological databases under unique identifiers. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number is 92665-29-7, which serves as a universal identifier for the substance.[1] Its DrugBank accession number is DB01150, linking it to a comprehensive database of drug data.[1] A consolidated list of key identifiers is presented in Table 1.
• Synonyms and Trade Names: In research and early development, Cefprozil was known by the code BMY-28100.[2] A common synonym is Cefproxil.[1] Following its regulatory approval, it was market