Metformin

Generic Name: Metformin

Brand Names: Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₄H_₁₁N_₅

CAS Number: 657-24-9

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 9100L32L2N

Background: Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.

Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.

Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.

Indication: Metformin immediate-release formulations

Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)

The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.

Metformin combination products

Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.

Associated Conditions: Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Comparison of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 70/30, 50/50, and 30/70 in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

First Posted Date: 2005-09-16

Last Posted Date: 2017-01-05

Lead Sponsor: Novo Nordisk A/S

Target Recruit Count: 603

Registration Number: NCT00184574

Locations: 🇬🇧
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site, Watford, United Kingdom

Opposing Step-by-step Insulin Reinforcement to Intensified Strategy

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Interventions: Drug: Insulin Glargine
Drug: Insulin Glulisine
Drug: Metformin
Drug: insulin secretagogue

First Posted Date: 2005-09-15

Last Posted Date: 2009-09-15

Lead Sponsor: Sanofi

Target Recruit Count: 811

Registration Number: NCT00174642

Locations: 🇬🇧
Sanofi-Aventis, Guildford, United Kingdom

Peripheral and Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction In Type 2diabetic Patients- Role of Metformin

Phase 3

Terminated

Conditions: Coronary and Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction

First Posted Date: 2005-09-15

Last Posted Date: 2007-10-05

Lead Sponsor: Hospices Civils de Lyon

Target Recruit Count: 30

Registration Number: NCT00169624

Locations: 🇫🇷
Laurent SEBBAG, Lyon, France

Metformin in Pregnant PCOS Women

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2005-09-12

Last Posted Date: 2019-02-15

Lead Sponsor: Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Target Recruit Count: 257

Registration Number: NCT00159536

Locations: 🇳🇴
Central Hospital of Northern Norway, Bodø, Norway
🇳🇴
Ringerike Hospital, Hønefoss, Norway
🇳🇴
University hospital of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

and more 7 locations