Metformin

Generic Name: Metformin

Brand Names: Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₄H_₁₁N_₅

CAS Number: 657-24-9

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 9100L32L2N

Background: Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.

Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.

Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.

Indication: Metformin immediate-release formulations

Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)

The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.

Metformin combination products

Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.

Associated Conditions: Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Improve PAD PERformance With METformin

Phase 3

Recruiting

Conditions: Peripheral Artery Disease

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2017-02-15

Last Posted Date: 2023-05-24

Lead Sponsor: Northwestern University

Target Recruit Count: 212

Registration Number: NCT03054519

Locations: 🇺🇸
Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸
Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

and more 2 locations

Nivolumab and Metformin Hydrochloride in Treating Patients With Stage III-IV Non-small Cell Lung Cancer That Cannot Be Removed by Surgery

Phase 2

Conditions: Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Recurrent Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Stage IIIB Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Stage IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Interventions: Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Drug: Metformin Hydrochloride
Biological: Nivolumab

First Posted Date: 2017-02-09

Last Posted Date: 2020-10-14

Lead Sponsor: Northwestern University

Target Recruit Count: 17

Registration Number: NCT03048500

Locations: 🇺🇸
Northwestern University- Lake Forest Hospital, Lake Forest, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸
Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States

Short Term Weight Loss With Liraglutide and Metformin in Infertile Obese PCOS Patients

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: PCOS
Obesity

Interventions: Drug: Metformin
Drug: Liraglutide + metformin

First Posted Date: 2017-01-27

Last Posted Date: 2017-01-27

Lead Sponsor: University Medical Centre Ljubljana

Target Recruit Count: 35

Registration Number: NCT03034941

Locations: 🇸🇮
University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Metformin in Patients Initiating ADT as Prevention and Intervention of Metabolic Syndrome

Phase 3

Terminated

Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome
Prostate Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Placebo Oral Tablet
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2017-01-26

Last Posted Date: 2024-10-04

Lead Sponsor: Canadian Urologic Oncology Group

Target Recruit Count: 168

Registration Number: NCT03031821

Locations: 🇨🇦
CHU de Quebec - Universite Laval, Laval, Quebec, Canada
🇨🇦
Ciusss-Chus, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
🇨🇦
Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Mauricie-Centre-du-Québec / Centre hospitalier régional, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada

and more 13 locations

Effect of Berberine Versus Metformin on Glycemic Control, Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion in Prediabetes

Phase 4

Conditions: Impaired Glucose Tolerance
Impaired Fasting Glucose
Prediabetes

Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Berberine
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2017-01-24

Last Posted Date: 2023-05-23

Lead Sponsor: University of Guadalajara

Target Recruit Count: 28

Registration Number: NCT03029390

Locations: 🇲🇽
Instituto de Terapeútica Experimental y Clínica. Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico