Metformin

Generic Name: Metformin

Brand Names: Actoplus Met, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glycon, Invokamet, Janumet, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Komboglyze, Qternmet, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Velmetia, Xigduo

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₄H_₁₁N_₅

CAS Number: 657-24-9

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 9100L32L2N

Background: Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.

Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.

Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.

Indication: Metformin immediate-release formulations

Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)

The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.

Metformin combination products

Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, or saxagliptin), in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, or dapagliflozin), or in combination with pioglitazone.

Associated Conditions: Cardiovascular Mortality, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Hospitalizations, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

A Phase I/II Trial of Vemurafenib and Metformin to Melanoma Patients

Phase 1

Recruiting

Conditions: Melanoma

Interventions: Drug: Vemurafenib
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2012-07-12

Last Posted Date: 2021-10-29

Lead Sponsor: University of Louisville

Target Recruit Count: 55

Registration Number: NCT01638676

Locations: 🇺🇸
James Graham Brown Cancer Center-University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States

Clomifene Citrate Versus Metformin in First-line Treatment of Infertility in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and a Resistance to Insulin

Phase 3

Withdrawn

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Insulin Resistance

Interventions: Drug: Metformin
Drug: Clomiphene citrate

First Posted Date: 2012-07-12

Last Posted Date: 2015-07-28

Lead Sponsor: Clinique Ovo

Registration Number: NCT01638988

Locations: 🇨🇦
Clinique Ovo, Montréal, Quebec, Canada

Effect of Metformin on Biomarkers of Colorectal Tumor Cell Growth

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Colorectal Neoplasms

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2012-06-29

Last Posted Date: 2016-07-11

Lead Sponsor: University of Arkansas

Target Recruit Count: 7

Registration Number: NCT01632020

Locations: 🇺🇸
Central Arkansas Veterans Heathcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
🇺🇸
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States

Exemestane-RAD001-Metformin

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Everolimus
Drug: Exemestane
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2012-06-25

Last Posted Date: 2020-06-19

Lead Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Target Recruit Count: 23

Registration Number: NCT01627067

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States

Comparison of Hypoglycaemic Regimens During Ramadan Fasting in Type 2 Diabetes

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Diabetes, Type 2

Interventions: Drug: Acarbose
Other: Diet and lifestyle
Drug: Metformin/Sitagliptin
Drug: Metformin/ Glimepride
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2012-06-20

Last Posted Date: 2012-06-20

Lead Sponsor: Services Hospital, Lahore

Target Recruit Count: 161

Registration Number: NCT01624116

Locations: 🇵🇰
Endocrinology Unit & Diabetes Management Centre, Services Hospital., Lahore, Pakistan

A Study Comparing the Effect of Dulaglutide With Liraglutide in Type 2 Diabetes

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Interventions: Drug: LY2189265
Drug: Liraglutide
Drug: Metformin

First Posted Date: 2012-06-20

Last Posted Date: 2014-10-09

Lead Sponsor: Eli Lilly and Company

Target Recruit Count: 599

Registration Number: NCT01624259

Locations: 🇪🇸
For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician., Petrer, Spain