- Approval Id
- af44d6f5faac68bd
- Drug Approval Emc Name
- Korserdu 86 mg film-coated tablets
- Drug Name
- Korserdu 86 mg film-coated tablets
- Company Name
- Menarini Stemline UK Ltd
- Company Address
- Menarini Stemline UK Limited, The Stanley Building, Seven Pancras Square, 7 Kings Boulevard, London, N1C 4AG, UK
- Company Telephone
- +44 (0)203 007 9012
- Company Medical Info Direct Line
- 0800 047 8675
- Company Medical Info Email
- EUmedinfo@menarinistemline.com
- Company Customer Care Direct Line
- +44 (0)1628 856 400
- Atc Code
- L02BA04
- Legal Category
- Prescription only medicine
- Authorisation Holder
- Stemline Therapeutics B.V.
Basisweg 10
1043 AP Amsterdam
The Netherlands
- Authorisation Number
- PLGB 53425/0003
- Authorisation Date
- 06/12/2023
- Instruction Authorisation Holder
- Stemline Therapeutics B.V.
Basisweg 10
1043 AP Amsterdam
The Netherlands
- Instruction Authorisation Number
- PLGB 53425/0003
- Instruction Authorisation Date
- 06/12/2023
- Instruction Composition
- KORSERDU 86 mg film-coated tablets
Each film-coated tablet contains elacestrant dihydrochloride equivalent to elacestrant 86.3 mg.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
- Instruction Dosage Form
- Film-coated tablet
KORSERDU 86 mg film-coated tablets
Blue to light blue biconvex round shaped film-coated tablet with ME debossed on one side and plain face on the opposite side. Approximate diameter: 8.8 mm.
- Instruction Clinical Particulars
- 4.1 Therapeutic indications
KORSERDU monotherapy is indicated for the treatment of postmenopausal women, and men, with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with an activating \*ESR1\* mutation who have disease progression following at least one line of endocrine therapy including a CDK 4/6 inhibitor.4.2 Posology and method of administration
Treatment with KORSERDU should be initiated by a physician experienced in the use of anticancer therapies.
Patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer should be selected for treatment with KORSERDU based on the presence of an activating \*ESR1\* mutation in plasma specimens, using a CE marked in vitro diagnostic (IVD) with the corresponding intended purpose. If the CE-marked IVD is not available, the presence of an activating \*ESR1\* mutation in plasma specimens should be assessed by an alternativevalidated test.
Posology
The recommended dose is 345 mg (one 345 mg film-coated tablet), once daily.
The maximum recommended daily dose of KORSERDU is 345 mg.
Treatment should continue as long as clinical benefit is observed or until unacceptable toxicity occurs.
\*Missed dose\*
If a dose is missed, it can be taken immediately within 6 hours after the time it is usually taken. After more than 6 hours, the dose should be skipped for that day. On the next day, KORSERDU should be taken at the usual time.
\*Vomiting\*
If the patient vomits after taking the KORSERDU dose, the patient should not take an additional dose on that day and should resume the usual dosing schedule the next day at the usual time.
Dose modifications
The recommended elacestrant dose modifications for patients with adverse reactions (see section 4.8) are provided in Tables 1 and 2:
\*\*Table 1: KORSERDU dose reduction for adverse reactions\*\*
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| \*\*KORSERDU dose level\*\* | \*\*Dose and schedule\*\* | \*\*Number and strength of tablets\*\* |
| Dose reduction | 258 mg once daily | Three 86 mg tablets |
If further dose reduction below 258 mg once daily is required, discontinue KORSERDU.
\*\*Table 2: KORSERDU dose modification guidelines for adverse reactions\*\*
| | |
| --- | --- |
| \*\*Severity\*\* | \*\*Dose modification\*\* |
| Grade 2 | Consider interruption of KORSERDU until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 or baseline. Then resume KORSERDU at the same dose level. |
| Grade 3 | KORSERDU should be interrupted until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 or baseline. The dose should be reduced to 258 mg once daily when resuming therapy. If the Grade 3 toxicity recurs, KORSERDU should be interrupted until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 or baseline. The reduced dose of 258 mg may be resumed at the discretion of the treating physician the patient is benefiting from treatment. If a Grade 3 or intolerable adverse reaction recurs, KORSERDU should be permanently discontinued. |
| Grade 4 | Interrupt KORSERDU until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 or baseline. The dose should be reduced to 258 mg once daily when resuming therapy. If a Grade 4 or intolerable adverse reaction recurs, permanently discontinue KORSERDU. |
\*Use of KORSERDU with CYP3A4 inhibitors\*
Concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors should be avoided and an alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to inhibit CYP3A4 should be considered.
If a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor must be used, the elacestrant dose should be reduced to 86 mg once daily with careful monitoring of tolerability. If a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor must be used, the elacestrant dose should be reduced to 172 mg once daily with careful monitoring of tolerability. Subsequent dose reduction to 86 mg once daily may be considered with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors based on tolerability.If the CYP3A4 inhibitor is discontinued, the elacestrant dose should be increased to the dose used prior to the initiation of the CYP3A4 inhibitor (after 5 half-lives of the CYP3A4 inhibitor) (see sections 4.4, 4.5 and 5.2).No dose adjustments are required for coadministration of KORSERDU with mild CYP3A4 inhibitors (see section 4.5).
\*Use of KORSERDU with CYP3A4 inducers\*
Concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers should be avoided and an alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to induce CYP3A4 should be considered.If a strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducer must be used for a short duration of time (i.e. ≤ 3 days) or intermittently (i.e. treatment periods ≤ 3 days separated by at least 2 weeks or 1 week + 5 half-lives of the CYP3A4 inducer, whichever is longer), continue elacestrant without increasing the dose.No dose adjustments are required for coadministration of KORSERDU with mild CYP3A4 inducers (see sections 4.4, 4.5 and 5.2).
Special populations
\*Elderly\*
No dose adjustment is required on the basis of patient age. Limited data are available in patients ≥ 75 years of age (see section 5.2).
\*Hepatic impairment\*
No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A). In patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B), KORSERDU dose should be reduced to 258 mg. Elacestrant has not been studied in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C), therefore no dose recommendation can be made for patients with severe hepatic impairment (see section 4.4).
\*Renal impairment\*
No dose adjustment in subjects with renal impairment is necessary. Elacestrant has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment, therefore no dose recommendation can be made for patients with severe renal impairment (see section 5.2).
\*Paediatric population\*
The safety and efficacy of KORSERDU in children from birth to 18 years of age has not been established. No data are available.
Method of administration
KORSERDU is for oral use.
The tablets should be swallowed whole. They should not be chewed, crushed or split prior to swallowing. Patients should take their dose of KORSERDU at approximately the same time each day. KORSERDU should be administered with a light meal. Administration with food may also reduce nausea and vomiting (see section 5.2).4.3 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
\*Hepatic impairment\*
KORSERDU is metabolised by the liver, and impaired hepatic function can increase the risk for adverse reactions. Therefore, KORSERDU should be used cautiously in patients with hepatic impairment and patientsshould be regularly and closely monitored for adverse reactions. Administration of elacestrant should be undertaken with caution at a dose of 258 mg once daily in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (see section 4.2). In the absence of clinical data, elacestrant is not recommended in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C) (see section 4.2).
\*Concomitant use with CYP3A4 inhibitors\*
Concomitant administration of KORSERDU with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors including, but not limited to: clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, posaconazole, saquinavir, telaprevir, telithromycin, voriconazole, and grapefruit or grapefruit juice should be avoided. An alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to inhibit CYP3A4 should be considered. If the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor cannot be avoided, KORSERDU dose adjustment should be applied (see sections 4.2 and 4.5).
Concomitant administration of KORSERDU with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors including, but not limited to: aprepitant, ciprofloxacin, conivaptan, crizotinib, cyclosporine, diltiazem, dronedarone, erythromycin, fluconazole, fluvoxamine, grapefruit juice, imatinib, isavuconazole, tofisopam and verapamil should be avoided. An alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to inhibit CYP3A4 should be considered. If the moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor cannot be avoided, KORSERDU dose adjustment should be applied (see sections 4.2 and 4.5).
\*Concomitant use with CYP3A4 inducers\*
Concomitant administration of KORSERDU with strong CYP3A4 inducers including, but not limited to: phenytoin, rifampicin, carbamazepine and St John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) should be avoided. An alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to induce CYP3A4 should be considered. If the strong CYP3A4 inducer cannot be avoided, KORSERDU dose adjustment should be applied (see sections 4.2 and 4.5).
Concomitant administration of KORSERDU with moderate CYP3A4 inducers including, but not limited to: bosentan, cenobamate, dabrafenib, efavirenz, etravirine, lorlatinib, phenobarbital, primidone, and sotorasib should be avoided. An alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to induce CYP3A4 should be considered. If the moderate CYP3A4 inducer cannot be avoided, KORSERDU dose adjustment should be applied (see sections 4.2 and 4.5).
\*Thromboembolic events\*
Thromboembolic events are commonly observed in patients with advanced breast cancer and have been observed in clinical studies with KORSERDU (see section 4.8). This should be taken into consideration when prescribing KORSERDU to patients at risk.4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
KORSERDU is primarily metabolised by CYP3A4 and is a substrate of the Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1). KORSERDU is an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) efflux transporters.
Effect of other medicinal products on KORSERDU
\*CYP3A4 Inhibitors\*
Co-administration of the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor itraconazole (200 mg once daily for 7 days) with KORSERDU (172 mg once daily for 7 days) increased elacestrant plasma exposure (AUCinf) and the peak concentration (Cmax) in healthy subjects 5.3 and 4.4-fold, respectively.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) simulations in cancer patients suggested that the concomitant administration of multiple daily doses of elacestrant 345 mg and itraconazole 200 mg may increase elacestrant steady-state AUC and Cmax 5.5- and 3.9-fold, respectively, which may increase the risk of adverse reaction.
PBPK simulations in cancer patients suggested that concomitant administration of multiple daily doses of elacestrant 345 mg with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors may increase elacestrant steady-state AUC and Cmax by 2.3- and 1.9-folds, respectively, with fluconazole (200 mg once daily), and by 3.9- and 3.0-folds, respectively, with erythromycin (500 mg four times a day), which may increase the risk of adverse reaction.
\*CYP3A4 Inducers\*
Co-administration of the strong CYP3A4 inducer rifampicin (600 mg once daily for 7 days) with a single dose of KORSERDU 345 mg decreased elacestrant plasma exposure (AUCinf) and the peak concentration (Cmax) in healthy subjects by 86% and 73%, respectively, which may decrease elacestrant activity.
PBPK simulations in cancer patients suggested that the concomitant administration of multiple daily doses of elacestrant 345 mg and rifampicin 600 mg may decrease elacestrant steady-state AUC and Cmax by 84% and 77%, respectively, which may decrease elacestrant activity.
PBPK simulations in cancer patients suggested that the concomitant administration of multiple daily doses of elacestrant 345 mg and the moderate CYP3A4 inducer efavirenz (600 mg) may decrease elacestrant steady-state AUC and Cmax by 57% and 52%, respectively, which may decrease elacestrant activity.
\*OATP2B1 inhibitors\*
Elacestrant is a substrate of OATP2B1 in vitro. As it cannot be excluded that the coadministration of OATP2B1 inhibitors may increase the exposure of elacestrant, which may increase the risk of adverse reactions, caution is recommended in case of concomitant use of KORSERDU with OATP2B1 inhibitors.
Effect of KORSERDU on other medicinal products
\*P-gp substrates\*
Co-administration of KORSERDU (345 mg, single dose) with digoxin (0.5 mg, single dose) increased digoxin exposure by 27% for Cmax and 13% for AUC. Digoxin administration should be monitored and its dose reduced as necessary.
Concomitant use of KORSERDU with other P-gp substrates may increase their concentrations, which may increase the adverse reactions associated with the P-gp substrates. The dose of coadministered P-gp substrates should be reduced according to their Summary of Product Characteristics.
\*BCRP substrates\*
Co-administration of KORSERDU (345 mg, single dose) with rosuvastatin (20 mg, single dose) increased rosuvastatin exposure by 45% for Cmax and 23% for AUC. Rosuvastatin administration should be monitored and its dose reduced as necessary.
Concomitant use of KORSERDU with other BCRP substrates may increase their concentrations, which may increase the adverse reactions associated with the BCRP substrates. The dose of coadministered BCRP substrates should be reduced according to their Summary of Product Characteristics.4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Women of childbearing potential/Contraception in males and females
KORSERDU should not be used during pregnancy or in women of childbearing potential not using contraception\*.\* Based on the mechanism of action of elacestrant and findings from reproductive toxicity studies in animals, KORSERDU can cause foetal harm when administered to pregnant women. Females of reproductive potential should be advised to use effective contraception during treatment with KORSERDU and for one week after the last dose.
Pregnancy
There are no data from the use of elacestrant in pregnant women. Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3). KORSERDU should not be used during pregnancy or in women of childbearing potential not using contraception. The pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential should be verified prior to starting treatment with KORSERDU. If pregnancy occurs while taking KORSERDU, the patient must be informed of the potential hazard to the foetus and potential risk of miscarriage.
Breast-feeding
It is unknown whether elacestrant/metabolites are excreted in human milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breast-fed infant, it is recommended that lactating women should not breast-feed during treatment with KORSERDU and one week after the last dose of KORSERDU.
Fertility
Based on findings from animal studies (see section 5.3) and its mechanism of action, KORSERDU may impair fertility in females and males of reproductive potential.4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
KORSERDU has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines. However, since fatigue, asthenia, and insomnia have been reported in some patients taking elacestrant (see section 4.8), caution should be observed by patients who experience those adverse reactions when driving or operating machinery.4.8 Undesirable effects
Summary of the safety profile
The most common (≥ 10%) adverse reactions with KORSERDU were nausea, triglycerides increased, cholesterol increased, vomiting, fatigue, dyspepsia, diarrhoea, calcium decreased, back pain, creatinine increased, arthralgia, sodium decreased, constipation, headache, hot flush, abdominal pain, anaemia, potassium decreased, and alanine aminotransferase increased. The most common Grade ≥3 (≥2%) adverse reactions of elacestrant were nausea (2.7%), AST increased (2.7%), ALT increased (2.3%), anaemia (2%), back pain (2%), and bone pain (2%).
Serious adverse reactions reported in ≥ 1% of patients included nausea, dyspnoea, and thromboembolism (venous).
Adverse reactions leading to discontinuation in ≥ 1% of patients included nausea and decreased appetite.
Adverse reactions leading to dose reduction in ≥ 1% of patients included nausea.
Adverse reactions leading to dose interruption in ≥ 1% of patients were nausea, abdominal pain, alanine aminotransferase increased, vomiting, rash, bone pain, decreased appetite, aspartate aminotransferase increased, and diarrhoea.
Tabulated list of adverse reactions
Adverse reactions described in the list below reflect exposure to elacestrant in 301 patients with breast cancer in three open label studies (RAD1901-005, RAD1901-106, and RAD1901-308) in which patients received elacestrant 400mg once daily as a single agent. The frequencies of adverse reactions are based on all-cause adverse event frequencies identified in patients exposed to elacestrant at the recommended dose in the target indication, whereas frequencies for changes in laboratory parameters are based on worsening from baseline by at least 1 grade and shifts to ≥ grade 3. The median duration of treatment was 85 days (range 5 to 1288).
The adverse reaction frequencies from clinical trials are based on all-cause adverse event frequencies, where a proportion of the events for an adverse reaction may have other causes than the drug, such as the disease, other medication or unrelated causes.
The following convention is used for the classification of the frequency of an adverse drug reaction (ADR) and is based on the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) guidelines: very common (≥ 1/10); common (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10); uncommon (≥ 1/1 000 to < 1/100); rare (≥ 1/10 000 to < 1/1 000); very rare (< 1/10 000); not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).
\*\*Table 3. Adverse reactions in patients treated with elacestrant monotherapy 345 mg in metastatic breast cancer\*\*
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | \*\*Elacestrant\*\* \*\*N=301\*\* | |
| \*\*Infections and infestations\*\* | Common | Urinary tract infection |
| \*\*Blood and lymphatic system disorders\*\* | Very common | Anaemia |
| Common | Lymphocyte count decreased |
| \*\*Metabolism and nutrition disorders\*\* | Very common | Decreased appetite |
| \*\*Psychiatric disorders\*\* | Common | Insomnia |
| \*\*Nervous system disorder\*\* | Very common | Headache |
| Common | Dizziness, Syncope |
| \*\*Vascular disorders\*\* | Very common | Hot flush\\* |
| Uncommon | Thromboembolism (venous)\\* |
| \*\*Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders\*\* | Common | Dyspnoea, Cough\\* |
| \*\*Gastrointestinal disorders\*\* | Very common | Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Constipation, Abdominal pain\\*, Dyspepsia\\* |
| Common | Stomatitis |
| \*\*Hepatobiliary disorders\*\* | Uncommon | Acute hepatic failure |
| \*\*Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders\*\* | Common | Rash\\* |
| \*\*Musculoskeletal and connective tissues disorders\*\* | Very common | Arthralgia, Back pain |
| Common | Pain in extremity, Musculoskeletal chest pain \\*, Bone pain |
| \*\*General disorders and administration site conditions\*\* | Very common | Fatigue |
| Common | Asthenia |
| \*\*Investigations\*\* | Very common | Aspartate aminotransferase increased, Triglycerides increased, Cholesterol increased, Alanine aminotransferase increased, Calcium decreased, Creatinine increased, Sodium decreased, Potassium decreased |
| Common | Blood alkaline phosphatase increased |
\\*Incidence represents a grouping of similar terms.
ADRs listed by system organ class and by decreasing frequency.
Description of selected adverse reactions
\*Nausea\*
Nausea was reported in 35% of patients. Grade 3-4 nausea events were reported in 2.5% of patients. Nausea was generally reported early, with a median time to the first onset 14 days (range: 1 to 490 days). Nausea occurred more frequently in the first cycle and from Cycle 2 onward, the incidence of nausea was generally lower in subsequent cycles (i.e., over time). Prophylactic treatment for nausea was prescribed for 12 (5%) subjects in the elacestrant arm and 28 (11.8%) received an antiemetic for the treatment of nausea during the on-treatment period.
\*Elderly\*
In the RAD1901-308 study, 104 patients who received elacestrant were ≥ 65 years and 40 patients were ≥ 75 years. Gastrointestinal disorders were reported more frequently in patients aged ≥ 75 years. Monitoring of treatment emergent adverse reactions by the treating physician, should include consideration of the patient's age and comorbidities, when selecting personalised interventions.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme (www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard) or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.4.9 Overdose
The highest dose of KORSERDU administered in clinical studies was 1000 mg per day. The adverse drug reactions reported in association with doses higher than the recommended dose were consistent with the established safety profile (see section 4.8). The frequency and severity of gastrointestinal disorders (abdominal pain, nausea, dyspepsia and vomiting) appeared to be dose-related. There is no known antidote for an overdose of KORSERDU. Patients should be closely monitored and treatment of overdose should consist of supportive treatment.
- Instruction Pharmacology
- 5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Endocrine therapy, anti estrogen, ATC code: L02BA04
Mechanism of action
Elacestrant, a tetrahydronaphthalene compound, is a potent, selective and orally active estrogen receptor-α (ERα) antagonist and degrader.
Pharmacodynamic effects
Elacestrant inhibits the estradiol-dependent and independent growth of ERα-positive breast cancer cells, including models harbouring estrogen receptor 1 (\*ESR1\*) gene mutations. Elacestrant displayed potent antitumor activity in patient derived xenograft models previously exposed to multiple endocrine therapies, harbouring wild type \*ESR1\* or \*ESR1\* gene mutations in the ligand binding domain.
In patients with ER+ advanced breast cancer with a median of 2.5 prior lines of endocrine therapy, dosed with elacestrant dihydrochloride) 400 mg (345 mg of elacestrant) daily, median reduction in tumour 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES) uptake from baseline to Day 14 was 88.7% demonstrating reduced ER availability and antitumor activity measured by FES-PET/CT in patients with prior endocrine therapies.
Clinical efficacy and safety
The efficacy and safety of KORSERDU in patients with ER+/HER2- advanced breast cancer following prior endocrine therapy in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor was evaluated in RAD1901-308, a randomised, open-label, active-controlled, multicenter trial which compared KORSERDU with standard of care (SOC) (fulvestrant for patients who received prior aromatase inhibitors in the metastatic setting or aromatase inhibitors for patients who received fulvestrant in the metastatic setting). Eligible patients included post-menopausal women and men whose disease had relapsed or progressed on at least 1 and no more than 2 prior lines of endocrine therapy. All patients were required to have Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1, and evaluable lesions per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, i.e., measurable disease or bone only disease with evaluable lesions. Prior endocrine therapy must have included a combination with CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy and no more than 1 prior line of cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. Patients were required to be appropriate candidates for endocrine monotherapy. Patients with presence of symptomatic metastatic visceral disease, patients with cardiac comorbidity, and patients with severe hepatic impairment were excluded.
A total of 478 patients were randomised 1:1 to daily oral administration of 400 mg of elacestrant dihydrochloride (345 mg of elacestrant) or standard of care (SOC) (239 on elacestrant and 239 on SOC), including a total of 228 patients (47.7%) with ESR1 mutations at baseline (115 patients on elacestrant and 113 patients on SOC). Among the 239 patients randomised to the SOC arm, 166 received fulvestrant, and 73 received an aromatase inhibitor that included anastrozole, letrozole or exemestane. Randomisation was stratified by \*ESR1\* mutations status (ESR1-mut vs ESR1-mut-nd [no ESR1 mutations detected]), prior treatment with fulvestrant (yes vs no), and visceral metastasis (yes vs no). \*ESR1\* mutational status was determined by blood circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA) using the Guardant360 CDx assay and was limited to \*ESR1\* missense mutations in the ligand binding domain (between codons 310 to 547).
The median age of patients (KORSERDU vs standard of care) at baseline was 63.0 years (range of 24-89) vs 63.0 (range of 32-83) and 45.0% were over 65 (43.5 vs 46.4). Most patients were women (97.5% vs 99.6%) and most patients were white (88.4% vs 87.2%), followed by Asian (8.4% vs 8.2%), Black or African American (2.6% vs 4.1%), and Other/Unknown (0.5% vs 0.5%). Baseline ECOG performance status was 0 (59.8% vs 56.5%), 1 (40.2% vs 43.1%) or > 1 (0% vs 0.4%). Patient demographics for those with \*ESR1\*-mutated tumors were generally representative of the broader study population. The median duration of exposure to KORSERDU was 2.8 months (range: 0.4 to 24.8).
The primary efficacy endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) as assessed by IRC (Independent Review Committee) in all patients, i.e., including patients with an \*ESR1\* mutation, and in patients with \*ESR1\* mutations A statistically significant PFS benefit was observed in all patients with a median PFS of 2.79 months in the KORSERDU arm as compared with 1.91 months in the standard of care arm (HR= 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.88). Efficacy results are presented in Table 4 and Figure 1 for patients with \*ESR1\* mutations.
\*\*Table 4: Efficacy results among patients with \*ESR1\* mutations (evaluated by a blinded imaging review committee)\*\*
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | \*\*KORSERDU\*\* | \*\*Standard of care\*\* |
| \*\*Progression-free survival (PFS)\*\* | \*\*N = 115\*\* | \*\*N = 113\*\* |
| Number of PFS events, n (%) | 62 (53.9) | 78 (69.0) |
| Median PFS months\\* (95% CI) | 3.78 (2.17, 7.26) | 1.87 (1.87, 2.14) |
| Hazard ratio\\*\\* (95% CI) | 0.546 (0.387, 0.768) | |
| p-value (stratified log-rank) | 0.0005 | |
| \*\*Overall survival (OS)\*\* | \*\*N = 115\*\* | \*\*N = 113\*\* |
| Number of OS events, n (%) | 61 (53) | 60 (53.1) |
| Median OS months\\* (95% CI) | 24.18 (20.53, 28.71) | 23.49 (15.64, 29.90) |
| Hazard ratio\\*\\* (95% CI) | 0.903 (0.629, 1.298) | |
CI=confidence interval; \*ESR1\*=estrogen receptor 1; PFS=progression-free survival.
\\*Kaplan-Meir estimate; 95% CI based on the Brookmeyer-Crowley method using a linear transformation.
\\*\\*From a Cox proportional hazards model stratified by prior treatment with fulvestrant (yes vs no), and visceral metastasis (yes vs no).
Data cut-off dates are 06 September 2021 for PFS and 02 September 2022 for OS.
\*\*Figure 1: PFS in patients with an ESR1 mutation (evaluated by a blinded imaging review\*\* \*\*committee)\*\*
Paediatric population
The European Medicines Agency has waived the obligation to submit the results of studies with KORSERDU in all subsets of the paediatric population in breast cancer (see section 4.2).5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
The elacestrant oral bioavailability is approximately 10%. Steady state is reached by Day 6 following once daily dosing. Cmax and AUC increase slightly more than proportional to dose for doses ≥ 50 mg (salt form).
Absorption
Following oral administration, elacestrant was rapidly absorbed, reaching Cmax within 1-4 hours. The geometric mean Cmax was 52.86 ng/mL (35.2% coefficient of variation [CV%]) and AUCinf was 1566 ng\\*h/mL (38.4% CV) after single dose administration of 345 mg of elacestrant in fed conditions. At steady state, the median [min, max] plasma concentration at 4h post-dose (C4h) and AUC are predicted to be 108 ng/mL [27.5 – 351] and 2190 ng\\*h/mL [461 -8470], respectively.
\*Effect of food\*
Administration of elacestrant 345 mg tablet with a high-fat high-calorie meal increased Cmax and AUC by \*40% and 20%,\* respectively, as compared to fasted administration. When the tablet was co-administered with a light meal, Cmax and AUC increased in a similar fashion, i.e., by 30 and 20%, respectively. Ingestion with food may reduce gastrointestinal adverse effects.
\*Effect of P-gp transporter on Elacestrant\*
Elacestrant is a substrate of P-gp. The transport is saturated at the dosages of 258 mg and 345 mg. As no clinical data is available when lower elacestrant dosages of 86 mg and 172 mg are co-administered with a P-gp inhibitor, it cannot be excluded that co-administration with a P-gp inhibitor may increase the absorption at lower elacestrant dosages.
Distribution
Plasma protein binding of elacestrant is > 99% and independent of concentration and hepatic impairment status. Elacestrant penetrates the blood brain barrier in a dose-dependent manner. Following once daily administration of elacestrant for 7 consecutive days, median concentrations of elacestrant in the cerebrospinal fluid were 0.0966 ng/mL and 0. 155 ng/mL at the doses of 200 and 500 mg, respectively.
Based on population pharmacokinetic analysis, elacestrant is extensively distributed in the tissues with an apparent peripheral volume of distribution of 5411 L. The apparent central volume of distribution of elacestrant at steady state is 422 L.
Biotransformation
Elacestrant was a minor (< 10% of plasma radioactivity) component in human plasma. 4-[2-(Ethylamino)ethyl]benzoic acid (EAEBA) glucuronide was a major human plasma metabolite (about 41% of plasma radioactivity). Elacestrant is primarily metabolised by CYP3A4 with a potential small contribution by CYP2A6 and CYP2C9.
Elimination
The half-life of elacestrant is predicted to be approximately 30 hours. After single dose, the mean (% CV) clearance of elacestrant was 220.3 L/hr (38.4%). At steady state, the mean (% CV) clearance of elacestrant is predicted to be 186 L/hr (43.5%).
Following a single oral dose of 345 mg radiolabeled elacestrant, 81.5% (majority as unchanged) was recovered in feces and 7.53% (trace as unchanged) was recovered in urine. Elacestrant renal clearance is very low (≤ 2.3 mL/min) and it was eliminated by oxidative metabolism and fecal excretion.
Special populations
\*Effect of age, weight and gender\*
From analyses of population pharmacokinetic data in cancer patients, no dose adjustment is warranted based on body weight, age, and gender.
\*Hepatic impairment\*
The Cmax and AUC values were similar between subjects in the mild hepatic impairment group (Child-Pugh A) and the normal hepatic function group upon single dose administration of elacestrant 176 mg. There were significant increases in AUC0–t (76%) and AUC0–∞ (83%) in the moderate hepatic impairment group (Child-Pugh B) compared to the normal hepatic function group. The Cmax values were similar between the normal and moderate impairment groups.
The geometric mean elimination half-life (t1/2) tended to increase with increasing severity of hepatic impairment. Elacestrant has not been studied in subjects with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C).
In PBPK modeling simulation of elacestrant at 345 mg, the steady state AUC and Cmax were predicted to increase by 2.14- and 1.92-fold, respectively, in subjects with moderate hepatic impairment compared to patients with normal hepatic function.5.3 Preclinical safety data
Elacestrant displayed low acute toxicity. In repeated dose toxicity studies in rats and monkeys, the antiestrogenic activity of elacestrant was responsible for the effects seen, particularly in the female reproductive system, but also in other organs sensitive to hormones such as mammary gland, pituitary and testes. Sporadic emesis and diarrhoea were recorded in monkeys. In addition, in long-term studies (26 weeks in rats and 39 weeks in cynomolgus monkeys), increased vacuolation of the mucosal epithelium of the non-glandular stomach were observed in rats and vacuolated macrophage infiltrates in the small intestine were recorded in both rats and monkeys. In monkeys this effect occurred at a level of systemic exposure of about 70% of the human exposure.
Elacestrant showed no genotoxic potential in the Ames test, chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes and in the micronucleus assay in rats.
Fertility studies in animals have not been conducted. In repeated-dose toxicity studies effects related to fertility were observed in rat and monkey female reproductive tract these effects occurred below human exposures at MRHD (maximum recommended dose). Decreased cellularity of Leydig cells in rat testes was also observed at exposure levels 2.7-fold higher than in humans.
In embryo-foetal development studies in rats, oral administration of elacestrant resulted in maternal toxicity (body weight loss, low food consumption, red vulvar discharge) and increased resorptions, increased post-implantation loss, and reduced number of live foetuses and foetal variations and malformations below human exposures at MHRD.
- Instruction Pharmaceutical Particulars
- 6.1 List of excipients
Tablet core
Microcrystalline cellulose [E460]
Silicified microcrystalline cellulose
Crospovidone [E1202]
Magnesium stearate [E470b]
Colloidal silicon dioxide [E551]
Film-coating
Opadry II 85F105080 Blue containing polyvinyl alcohol [E1203], titanium dioxide [E171], macrogol [E1521], talc [E553b] and brilliant blue FCF aluminium lake [E133].6.2 Incompatibilities
Not applicable.6.3 Shelf life
3 years6.4 Special precautions for storage
This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.6.5 Nature and contents of container
KORSERDU is packaged in aluminium-aluminium blisters packed into a cardboard box.
KORSERDU 86 mg film-coated tablets
Packs containing 28 film-coated tablets: 4 blisters with 7 tablets each.6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
- Instruction Content
- ## Composition
KORSERDU 86 mg film-coated tablets
Each film-coated tablet contains elacestrant dihydrochloride equivalent to elacestrant 86.3 mg.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
## Pharmaceutical Form
Film-coated tablet
KORSERDU 86 mg film-coated tablets
Blue to light blue biconvex round shaped film-coated tablet with ME debossed on one side and plain face on the opposite side. Approximate diameter: 8.8 mm.
## Clinical Particulars
4.1 Therapeutic indications
KORSERDU monotherapy is indicated for the treatment of postmenopausal women, and men, with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with an activating \*ESR1\* mutation who have disease progression following at least one line of endocrine therapy including a CDK 4/6 inhibitor.4.2 Posology and method of administration
Treatment with KORSERDU should be initiated by a physician experienced in the use of anticancer therapies.
Patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer should be selected for treatment with KORSERDU based on the presence of an activating \*ESR1\* mutation in plasma specimens, using a CE marked in vitro diagnostic (IVD) with the corresponding intended purpose. If the CE-marked IVD is not available, the presence of an activating \*ESR1\* mutation in plasma specimens should be assessed by an alternativevalidated test.
Posology
The recommended dose is 345 mg (one 345 mg film-coated tablet), once daily.
The maximum recommended daily dose of KORSERDU is 345 mg.
Treatment should continue as long as clinical benefit is observed or until unacceptable toxicity occurs.
\*Missed dose\*
If a dose is missed, it can be taken immediately within 6 hours after the time it is usually taken. After more than 6 hours, the dose should be skipped for that day. On the next day, KORSERDU should be taken at the usual time.
\*Vomiting\*
If the patient vomits after taking the KORSERDU dose, the patient should not take an additional dose on that day and should resume the usual dosing schedule the next day at the usual time.
Dose modifications
The recommended elacestrant dose modifications for patients with adverse reactions (see section 4.8) are provided in Tables 1 and 2:
\*\*Table 1: KORSERDU dose reduction for adverse reactions\*\*
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| \*\*KORSERDU dose level\*\* | \*\*Dose and schedule\*\* | \*\*Number and strength of tablets\*\* |
| Dose reduction | 258 mg once daily | Three 86 mg tablets |
If further dose reduction below 258 mg once daily is required, discontinue KORSERDU.
\*\*Table 2: KORSERDU dose modification guidelines for adverse reactions\*\*
| | |
| --- | --- |
| \*\*Severity\*\* | \*\*Dose modification\*\* |
| Grade 2 | Consider interruption of KORSERDU until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 or baseline. Then resume KORSERDU at the same dose level. |
| Grade 3 | KORSERDU should be interrupted until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 or baseline. The dose should be reduced to 258 mg once daily when resuming therapy. If the Grade 3 toxicity recurs, KORSERDU should be interrupted until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 or baseline. The reduced dose of 258 mg may be resumed at the discretion of the treating physician the patient is benefiting from treatment. If a Grade 3 or intolerable adverse reaction recurs, KORSERDU should be permanently discontinued. |
| Grade 4 | Interrupt KORSERDU until recovery to Grade ≤ 1 or baseline. The dose should be reduced to 258 mg once daily when resuming therapy. If a Grade 4 or intolerable adverse reaction recurs, permanently discontinue KORSERDU. |
\*Use of KORSERDU with CYP3A4 inhibitors\*
Concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors should be avoided and an alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to inhibit CYP3A4 should be considered.
If a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor must be used, the elacestrant dose should be reduced to 86 mg once daily with careful monitoring of tolerability. If a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor must be used, the elacestrant dose should be reduced to 172 mg once daily with careful monitoring of tolerability. Subsequent dose reduction to 86 mg once daily may be considered with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors based on tolerability.If the CYP3A4 inhibitor is discontinued, the elacestrant dose should be increased to the dose used prior to the initiation of the CYP3A4 inhibitor (after 5 half-lives of the CYP3A4 inhibitor) (see sections 4.4, 4.5 and 5.2).No dose adjustments are required for coadministration of KORSERDU with mild CYP3A4 inhibitors (see section 4.5).
\*Use of KORSERDU with CYP3A4 inducers\*
Concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers should be avoided and an alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to induce CYP3A4 should be considered.If a strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducer must be used for a short duration of time (i.e. ≤ 3 days) or intermittently (i.e. treatment periods ≤ 3 days separated by at least 2 weeks or 1 week + 5 half-lives of the CYP3A4 inducer, whichever is longer), continue elacestrant without increasing the dose.No dose adjustments are required for coadministration of KORSERDU with mild CYP3A4 inducers (see sections 4.4, 4.5 and 5.2).
Special populations
\*Elderly\*
No dose adjustment is required on the basis of patient age. Limited data are available in patients ≥ 75 years of age (see section 5.2).
\*Hepatic impairment\*
No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A). In patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B), KORSERDU dose should be reduced to 258 mg. Elacestrant has not been studied in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C), therefore no dose recommendation can be made for patients with severe hepatic impairment (see section 4.4).
\*Renal impairment\*
No dose adjustment in subjects with renal impairment is necessary. Elacestrant has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment, therefore no dose recommendation can be made for patients with severe renal impairment (see section 5.2).
\*Paediatric population\*
The safety and efficacy of KORSERDU in children from birth to 18 years of age has not been established. No data are available.
Method of administration
KORSERDU is for oral use.
The tablets should be swallowed whole. They should not be chewed, crushed or split prior to swallowing. Patients should take their dose of KORSERDU at approximately the same time each day. KORSERDU should be administered with a light meal. Administration with food may also reduce nausea and vomiting (see section 5.2).4.3 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
\*Hepatic impairment\*
KORSERDU is metabolised by the liver, and impaired hepatic function can increase the risk for adverse reactions. Therefore, KORSERDU should be used cautiously in patients with hepatic impairment and patientsshould be regularly and closely monitored for adverse reactions. Administration of elacestrant should be undertaken with caution at a dose of 258 mg once daily in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (see section 4.2). In the absence of clinical data, elacestrant is not recommended in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C) (see section 4.2).
\*Concomitant use with CYP3A4 inhibitors\*
Concomitant administration of KORSERDU with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors including, but not limited to: clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, posaconazole, saquinavir, telaprevir, telithromycin, voriconazole, and grapefruit or grapefruit juice should be avoided. An alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to inhibit CYP3A4 should be considered. If the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor cannot be avoided, KORSERDU dose adjustment should be applied (see sections 4.2 and 4.5).
Concomitant administration of KORSERDU with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors including, but not limited to: aprepitant, ciprofloxacin, conivaptan, crizotinib, cyclosporine, diltiazem, dronedarone, erythromycin, fluconazole, fluvoxamine, grapefruit juice, imatinib, isavuconazole, tofisopam and verapamil should be avoided. An alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to inhibit CYP3A4 should be considered. If the moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor cannot be avoided, KORSERDU dose adjustment should be applied (see sections 4.2 and 4.5).
\*Concomitant use with CYP3A4 inducers\*
Concomitant administration of KORSERDU with strong CYP3A4 inducers including, but not limited to: phenytoin, rifampicin, carbamazepine and St John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) should be avoided. An alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to induce CYP3A4 should be considered. If the strong CYP3A4 inducer cannot be avoided, KORSERDU dose adjustment should be applied (see sections 4.2 and 4.5).
Concomitant administration of KORSERDU with moderate CYP3A4 inducers including, but not limited to: bosentan, cenobamate, dabrafenib, efavirenz, etravirine, lorlatinib, phenobarbital, primidone, and sotorasib should be avoided. An alternative concomitant medicinal product with no or minimal potential to induce CYP3A4 should be considered. If the moderate CYP3A4 inducer cannot be avoided, KORSERDU dose adjustment should be applied (see sections 4.2 and 4.5).
\*Thromboembolic events\*
Thromboembolic events are commonly observed in patients with advanced breast cancer and have been observed in clinical studies with KORSERDU (see section 4.8). This should be taken into consideration when prescribing KORSERDU to patients at risk.4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
KORSERDU is primarily metabolised by CYP3A4 and is a substrate of the Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1). KORSERDU is an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) efflux transporters.
Effect of other medicinal products on KORSERDU
\*CYP3A4 Inhibitors\*
Co-administration of the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor itraconazole (200 mg once daily for 7 days) with KORSERDU (172 mg once daily for 7 days) increased elacestrant plasma exposure (AUCinf) and the peak concentration (Cmax) in healthy subjects 5.3 and 4.4-fold, respectively.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) simulations in cancer patients suggested that the concomitant administration of multiple daily doses of elacestrant 345 mg and itraconazole 200 mg may increase elacestrant steady-state AUC and Cmax 5.5- and 3.9-fold, respectively, which may increase the risk of adverse reaction.
PBPK simulations in cancer patients suggested that concomitant administration of multiple daily doses of elacestrant 345 mg with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors may increase elacestrant steady-state AUC and Cmax by 2.3- and 1.9-folds, respectively, with fluconazole (200 mg once daily), and by 3.9- and 3.0-folds, respectively, with erythromycin (500 mg four times a day), which may increase the risk of adverse reaction.
\*CYP3A4 Inducers\*
Co-administration of the strong CYP3A4 inducer rifampicin (600 mg once daily for 7 days) with a single dose of KORSERDU 345 mg decreased elacestrant plasma exposure (AUCinf) and the peak concentration (Cmax) in healthy subjects by 86% and 73%, respectively, which may decrease elacestrant activity.
PBPK simulations in cancer patients suggested that the concomitant administration of multiple daily doses of elacestrant 345 mg and rifampicin 600 mg may decrease elacestrant steady-state AUC and Cmax by 84% and 77%, respectively, which may decrease elacestrant activity.
PBPK simulations in cancer patients suggested that the concomitant administration of multiple daily doses of elacestrant 345 mg and the moderate CYP3A4 inducer efavirenz (600 mg) may decrease elacestrant steady-state AUC and Cmax by 57% and 52%, respectively, which may decrease elacestrant activity.
\*OATP2B1 inhibitors\*
Elacestrant is a substrate of OATP2B1 in vitro. As it cannot be excluded that the coadministration of OATP2B1 inhibitors may increase the exposure of elacestrant, which may increase the risk of adverse reactions, caution is recommended in case of concomitant use of KORSERDU with OATP2B1 inhibitors.
Effect of KORSERDU on other medicinal products
\*P-gp substrates\*
Co-administration of KORSERDU (345 mg, single dose) with digoxin (0.5 mg, single dose) increased digoxin exposure by 27% for Cmax and 13% for AUC. Digoxin administration should be monitored and its dose reduced as necessary.
Concomitant use of KORSERDU with other P-gp substrates may increase their concentrations, which may increase the adverse reactions associated with the P-gp substrates. The dose of coadministered P-gp substrates should be reduced according to their Summary of Product Characteristics.
\*BCRP substrates\*
Co-administration of KORSERDU (345 mg, single dose) with rosuvastatin (20 mg, single dose) increased rosuvastatin exposure by 45% for Cmax and 23% for AUC. Rosuvastatin administration should be monitored and its dose reduced as necessary.
Concomitant use of KORSERDU with other BCRP substrates may increase their concentrations, which may increase the adverse reactions associated with the BCRP substrates. The dose of coadministered BCRP substrates should be reduced according to their Summary of Product Characteristics.4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Women of childbearing potential/Contraception in males and females
KORSERDU should not be used during pregnancy or in women of childbearing potential not using contraception\*.\* Based on the mechanism of action of elacestrant and findings from reproductive toxicity studies in animals, KORSERDU can cause foetal harm when administered to pregnant women. Females of reproductive potential should be advised to use effective contraception during treatment with KORSERDU and for one week after the last dose.
Pregnancy
There are no data from the use of elacestrant in pregnant women. Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3). KORSERDU should not be used during pregnancy or in women of childbearing potential not using contraception. The pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential should be verified prior to starting treatment with KORSERDU. If pregnancy occurs while taking KORSERDU, the patient must be informed of the potential hazard to the foetus and potential risk of miscarriage.
Breast-feeding
It is unknown whether elacestrant/metabolites are excreted in human milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breast-fed infant, it is recommended that lactating women should not breast-feed during treatment with KORSERDU and one week after the last dose of KORSERDU.
Fertility
Based on findings from animal studies (see section 5.3) and its mechanism of action, KORSERDU may impair fertility in females and males of reproductive potential.4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
KORSERDU has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines. However, since fatigue, asthenia, and insomnia have been reported in some patients taking elacestrant (see section 4.8), caution should be observed by patients who experience those adverse reactions when driving or operating machinery.4.8 Undesirable effects
Summary of the safety profile
The most common (≥ 10%) adverse reactions with KORSERDU were nausea, triglycerides increased, cholesterol increased, vomiting, fatigue, dyspepsia, diarrhoea, calcium decreased, back pain, creatinine increased, arthralgia, sodium decreased, constipation, headache, hot flush, abdominal pain, anaemia, potassium decreased, and alanine aminotransferase increased. The most common Grade ≥3 (≥2%) adverse reactions of elacestrant were nausea (2.7%), AST increased (2.7%), ALT increased (2.3%), anaemia (2%), back pain (2%), and bone pain (2%).
Serious adverse reactions reported in ≥ 1% of patients included nausea, dyspnoea, and thromboembolism (venous).
Adverse reactions leading to discontinuation in ≥ 1% of patients included nausea and decreased appetite.
Adverse reactions leading to dose reduction in ≥ 1% of patients included nausea.
Adverse reactions leading to dose interruption in ≥ 1% of patients were nausea, abdominal pain, alanine aminotransferase increased, vomiting, rash, bone pain, decreased appetite, aspartate aminotransferase increased, and diarrhoea.
Tabulated list of adverse reactions
Adverse reactions described in the list below reflect exposure to elacestrant in 301 patients with breast cancer in three open label studies (RAD1901-005, RAD1901-106, and RAD1901-308) in which patients received elacestrant 400mg once daily as a single agent. The frequencies of adverse reactions are based on all-cause adverse event frequencies identified in patients exposed to elacestrant at the recommended dose in the target indication, whereas frequencies for changes in laboratory parameters are based on worsening from baseline by at least 1 grade and shifts to ≥ grade 3. The median duration of treatment was 85 days (range 5 to 1288).
The adverse reaction frequencies from clinical trials are based on all-cause adverse event frequencies, where a proportion of the events for an adverse reaction may have other causes than the drug, such as the disease, other medication or unrelated causes.
The following convention is used for the classification of the frequency of an adverse drug reaction (ADR) and is based on the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) guidelines: very common (≥ 1/10); common (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10); uncommon (≥ 1/1 000 to < 1/100); rare (≥ 1/10 000 to < 1/1 000); very rare (< 1/10 000); not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).
\*\*Table 3. Adverse reactions in patients treated with elacestrant monotherapy 345 mg in metastatic breast cancer\*\*
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | \*\*Elacestrant\*\* \*\*N=301\*\* | |
| \*\*Infections and infestations\*\* | Common | Urinary tract infection |
| \*\*Blood and lymphatic system disorders\*\* | Very common | Anaemia |
| Common | Lymphocyte count decreased |
| \*\*Metabolism and nutrition disorders\*\* | Very common | Decreased appetite |
| \*\*Psychiatric disorders\*\* | Common | Insomnia |
| \*\*Nervous system disorder\*\* | Very common | Headache |
| Common | Dizziness, Syncope |
| \*\*Vascular disorders\*\* | Very common | Hot flush\\* |
| Uncommon | Thromboembolism (venous)\\* |
| \*\*Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders\*\* | Common | Dyspnoea, Cough\\* |
| \*\*Gastrointestinal disorders\*\* | Very common | Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Constipation, Abdominal pain\\*, Dyspepsia\\* |
| Common | Stomatitis |
| \*\*Hepatobiliary disorders\*\* | Uncommon | Acute hepatic failure |
| \*\*Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders\*\* | Common | Rash\\* |
| \*\*Musculoskeletal and connective tissues disorders\*\* | Very common | Arthralgia, Back pain |
| Common | Pain in extremity, Musculoskeletal chest pain \\*, Bone pain |
| \*\*General disorders and administration site conditions\*\* | Very common | Fatigue |
| Common | Asthenia |
| \*\*Investigations\*\* | Very common | Aspartate aminotransferase increased, Triglycerides increased, Cholesterol increased, Alanine aminotransferase increased, Calcium decreased, Creatinine increased, Sodium decreased, Potassium decreased |
| Common | Blood alkaline phosphatase increased |
\\*Incidence represents a grouping of similar terms.
ADRs listed by system organ class and by decreasing frequency.
Description of selected adverse reactions
\*Nausea\*
Nausea was reported in 35% of patients. Grade 3-4 nausea events were reported in 2.5% of patients. Nausea was generally reported early, with a median time to the first onset 14 days (range: 1 to 490 days). Nausea occurred more frequently in the first cycle and from Cycle 2 onward, the incidence of nausea was generally lower in subsequent cycles (i.e., over time). Prophylactic treatment for nausea was prescribed for 12 (5%) subjects in the elacestrant arm and 28 (11.8%) received an antiemetic for the treatment of nausea during the on-treatment period.
\*Elderly\*
In the RAD1901-308 study, 104 patients who received elacestrant were ≥ 65 years and 40 patients were ≥ 75 years. Gastrointestinal disorders were reported more frequently in patients aged ≥ 75 years. Monitoring of treatment emergent adverse reactions by the treating physician, should include consideration of the patient's age and comorbidities, when selecting personalised interventions.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme (www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard) or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.4.9 Overdose
The highest dose of KORSERDU administered in clinical studies was 1000 mg per day. The adverse drug reactions reported in association with doses higher than the recommended dose were consistent with the established safety profile (see section 4.8). The frequency and severity of gastrointestinal disorders (abdominal pain, nausea, dyspepsia and vomiting) appeared to be dose-related. There is no known antidote for an overdose of KORSERDU. Patients should be closely monitored and treatment of overdose should consist of supportive treatment.
## Pharmacological Properties
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Endocrine therapy, anti estrogen, ATC code: L02BA04
Mechanism of action
Elacestrant, a tetrahydronaphthalene compound, is a potent, selective and orally active estrogen receptor-α (ERα) antagonist and degrader.
Pharmacodynamic effects
Elacestrant inhibits the estradiol-dependent and independent growth of ERα-positive breast cancer cells, including models harbouring estrogen receptor 1 (\*ESR1\*) gene mutations. Elacestrant displayed potent antitumor activity in patient derived xenograft models previously exposed to multiple endocrine therapies, harbouring wild type \*ESR1\* or \*ESR1\* gene mutations in the ligand binding domain.
In patients with ER+ advanced breast cancer with a median of 2.5 prior lines of endocrine therapy, dosed with elacestrant dihydrochloride) 400 mg (345 mg of elacestrant) daily, median reduction in tumour 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES) uptake from baseline to Day 14 was 88.7% demonstrating reduced ER availability and antitumor activity measured by FES-PET/CT in patients with prior endocrine therapies.
Clinical efficacy and safety
The efficacy and safety of KORSERDU in patients with ER+/HER2- advanced breast cancer following prior endocrine therapy in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor was evaluated in RAD1901-308, a randomised, open-label, active-controlled, multicenter trial which compared KORSERDU with standard of care (SOC) (fulvestrant for patients who received prior aromatase inhibitors in the metastatic setting or aromatase inhibitors for patients who received fulvestrant in the metastatic setting). Eligible patients included post-menopausal women and men whose disease had relapsed or progressed on at least 1 and no more than 2 prior lines of endocrine therapy. All patients were required to have Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1, and evaluable lesions per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, i.e., measurable disease or bone only disease with evaluable lesions. Prior endocrine therapy must have included a combination with CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy and no more than 1 prior line of cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. Patients were required to be appropriate candidates for endocrine monotherapy. Patients with presence of symptomatic metastatic visceral disease, patients with cardiac comorbidity, and patients with severe hepatic impairment were excluded.
A total of 478 patients were randomised 1:1 to daily oral administration of 400 mg of elacestrant dihydrochloride (345 mg of elacestrant) or standard of care (SOC) (239 on elacestrant and 239 on SOC), including a total of 228 patients (47.7%) with ESR1 mutations at baseline (115 patients on elacestrant and 113 patients on SOC). Among the 239 patients randomised to the SOC arm, 166 received fulvestrant, and 73 received an aromatase inhibitor that included anastrozole, letrozole or exemestane. Randomisation was stratified by \*ESR1\* mutations status (ESR1-mut vs ESR1-mut-nd [no ESR1 mutations detected]), prior treatment with fulvestrant (yes vs no), and visceral metastasis (yes vs no). \*ESR1\* mutational status was determined by blood circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA) using the Guardant360 CDx assay and was limited to \*ESR1\* missense mutations in the ligand binding domain (between codons 310 to 547).
The median age of patients (KORSERDU vs standard of care) at baseline was 63.0 years (range of 24-89) vs 63.0 (range of 32-83) and 45.0% were over 65 (43.5 vs 46.4). Most patients were women (97.5% vs 99.6%) and most patients were white (88.4% vs 87.2%), followed by Asian (8.4% vs 8.2%), Black or African American (2.6% vs 4.1%), and Other/Unknown (0.5% vs 0.5%). Baseline ECOG performance status was 0 (59.8% vs 56.5%), 1 (40.2% vs 43.1%) or > 1 (0% vs 0.4%). Patient demographics for those with \*ESR1\*-mutated tumors were generally representative of the broader study population. The median duration of exposure to KORSERDU was 2.8 months (range: 0.4 to 24.8).
The primary efficacy endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) as assessed by IRC (Independent Review Committee) in all patients, i.e., including patients with an \*ESR1\* mutation, and in patients with \*ESR1\* mutations A statistically significant PFS benefit was observed in all patients with a median PFS of 2.79 months in the KORSERDU arm as compared with 1.91 months in the standard of care arm (HR= 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.88). Efficacy results are presented in Table 4 and Figure 1 for patients with \*ESR1\* mutations.
\*\*Table 4: Efficacy results among patients with \*ESR1\* mutations (evaluated by a blinded imaging review committee)\*\*
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | \*\*KORSERDU\*\* | \*\*Standard of care\*\* |
| \*\*Progression-free survival (PFS)\*\* | \*\*N = 115\*\* | \*\*N = 113\*\* |
| Number of PFS events, n (%) | 62 (53.9) | 78 (69.0) |
| Median PFS months\\* (95% CI) | 3.78 (2.17, 7.26) | 1.87 (1.87, 2.14) |
| Hazard ratio\\*\\* (95% CI) | 0.546 (0.387, 0.768) | |
| p-value (stratified log-rank) | 0.0005 | |
| \*\*Overall survival (OS)\*\* | \*\*N = 115\*\* | \*\*N = 113\*\* |
| Number of OS events, n (%) | 61 (53) | 60 (53.1) |
| Median OS months\\* (95% CI) | 24.18 (20.53, 28.71) | 23.49 (15.64, 29.90) |
| Hazard ratio\\*\\* (95% CI) | 0.903 (0.629, 1.298) | |
CI=confidence interval; \*ESR1\*=estrogen receptor 1; PFS=progression-free survival.
\\*Kaplan-Meir estimate; 95% CI based on the Brookmeyer-Crowley method using a linear transformation.
\\*\\*From a Cox proportional hazards model stratified by prior treatment with fulvestrant (yes vs no), and visceral metastasis (yes vs no).
Data cut-off dates are 06 September 2021 for PFS and 02 September 2022 for OS.
\*\*Figure 1: PFS in patients with an ESR1 mutation (evaluated by a blinded imaging review\*\* \*\*committee)\*\*
Paediatric population
The European Medicines Agency has waived the obligation to submit the results of studies with KORSERDU in all subsets of the paediatric population in breast cancer (see section 4.2).5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
The elacestrant oral bioavailability is approximately 10%. Steady state is reached by Day 6 following once daily dosing. Cmax and AUC increase slightly more than proportional to dose for doses ≥ 50 mg (salt form).
Absorption
Following oral administration, elacestrant was rapidly absorbed, reaching Cmax within 1-4 hours. The geometric mean Cmax was 52.86 ng/mL (35.2% coefficient of variation [CV%]) and AUCinf was 1566 ng\\*h/mL (38.4% CV) after single dose administration of 345 mg of elacestrant in fed conditions. At steady state, the median [min, max] plasma concentration at 4h post-dose (C4h) and AUC are predicted to be 108 ng/mL [27.5 – 351] and 2190 ng\\*h/mL [461 -8470], respectively.
\*Effect of food\*
Administration of elacestrant 345 mg tablet with a high-fat high-calorie meal increased Cmax and AUC by \*40% and 20%,\* respectively, as compared to fasted administration. When the tablet was co-administered with a light meal, Cmax and AUC increased in a similar fashion, i.e., by 30 and 20%, respectively. Ingestion with food may reduce gastrointestinal adverse effects.
\*Effect of P-gp transporter on Elacestrant\*
Elacestrant is a substrate of P-gp. The transport is saturated at the dosages of 258 mg and 345 mg. As no clinical data is available when lower elacestrant dosages of 86 mg and 172 mg are co-administered with a P-gp inhibitor, it cannot be excluded that co-administration with a P-gp inhibitor may increase the absorption at lower elacestrant dosages.
Distribution
Plasma protein binding of elacestrant is > 99% and independent of concentration and hepatic impairment status. Elacestrant penetrates the blood brain barrier in a dose-dependent manner. Following once daily administration of elacestrant for 7 consecutive days, median concentrations of elacestrant in the cerebrospinal fluid were 0.0966 ng/mL and 0. 155 ng/mL at the doses of 200 and 500 mg, respectively.
Based on population pharmacokinetic analysis, elacestrant is extensively distributed in the tissues with an apparent peripheral volume of distribution of 5411 L. The apparent central volume of distribution of elacestrant at steady state is 422 L.
Biotransformation
Elacestrant was a minor (< 10% of plasma radioactivity) component in human plasma. 4-[2-(Ethylamino)ethyl]benzoic acid (EAEBA) glucuronide was a major human plasma metabolite (about 41% of plasma radioactivity). Elacestrant is primarily metabolised by CYP3A4 with a potential small contribution by CYP2A6 and CYP2C9.
Elimination
The half-life of elacestrant is predicted to be approximately 30 hours. After single dose, the mean (% CV) clearance of elacestrant was 220.3 L/hr (38.4%). At steady state, the mean (% CV) clearance of elacestrant is predicted to be 186 L/hr (43.5%).
Following a single oral dose of 345 mg radiolabeled elacestrant, 81.5% (majority as unchanged) was recovered in feces and 7.53% (trace as unchanged) was recovered in urine. Elacestrant renal clearance is very low (≤ 2.3 mL/min) and it was eliminated by oxidative metabolism and fecal excretion.
Special populations
\*Effect of age, weight and gender\*
From analyses of population pharmacokinetic data in cancer patients, no dose adjustment is warranted based on body weight, age, and gender.
\*Hepatic impairment\*
The Cmax and AUC values were similar between subjects in the mild hepatic impairment group (Child-Pugh A) and the normal hepatic function group upon single dose administration of elacestrant 176 mg. There were significant increases in AUC0–t (76%) and AUC0–∞ (83%) in the moderate hepatic impairment group (Child-Pugh B) compared to the normal hepatic function group. The Cmax values were similar between the normal and moderate impairment groups.
The geometric mean elimination half-life (t1/2) tended to increase with increasing severity of hepatic impairment. Elacestrant has not been studied in subjects with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C).
In PBPK modeling simulation of elacestrant at 345 mg, the steady state AUC and Cmax were predicted to increase by 2.14- and 1.92-fold, respectively, in subjects with moderate hepatic impairment compared to patients with normal hepatic function.5.3 Preclinical safety data
Elacestrant displayed low acute toxicity. In repeated dose toxicity studies in rats and monkeys, the antiestrogenic activity of elacestrant was responsible for the effects seen, particularly in the female reproductive system, but also in other organs sensitive to hormones such as mammary gland, pituitary and testes. Sporadic emesis and diarrhoea were recorded in monkeys. In addition, in long-term studies (26 weeks in rats and 39 weeks in cynomolgus monkeys), increased vacuolation of the mucosal epithelium of the non-glandular stomach were observed in rats and vacuolated macrophage infiltrates in the small intestine were recorded in both rats and monkeys. In monkeys this effect occurred at a level of systemic exposure of about 70% of the human exposure.
Elacestrant showed no genotoxic potential in the Ames test, chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes and in the micronucleus assay in rats.
Fertility studies in animals have not been conducted. In repeated-dose toxicity studies effects related to fertility were observed in rat and monkey female reproductive tract these effects occurred below human exposures at MRHD (maximum recommended dose). Decreased cellularity of Leydig cells in rat testes was also observed at exposure levels 2.7-fold higher than in humans.
In embryo-foetal development studies in rats, oral administration of elacestrant resulted in maternal toxicity (body weight loss, low food consumption, red vulvar discharge) and increased resorptions, increased post-implantation loss, and reduced number of live foetuses and foetal variations and malformations below human exposures at MHRD.
## Pharmaceutical Particulars
6.1 List of excipients
Tablet core
Microcrystalline cellulose [E460]
Silicified microcrystalline cellulose
Crospovidone [E1202]
Magnesium stearate [E470b]
Colloidal silicon dioxide [E551]
Film-coating
Opadry II 85F105080 Blue containing polyvinyl alcohol [E1203], titanium dioxide [E171], macrogol [E1521], talc [E553b] and brilliant blue FCF aluminium lake [E133].6.2 Incompatibilities
Not applicable.6.3 Shelf life
3 years6.4 Special precautions for storage
This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.6.5 Nature and contents of container
KORSERDU is packaged in aluminium-aluminium blisters packed into a cardboard box.
KORSERDU 86 mg film-coated tablets
Packs containing 28 film-coated tablets: 4 blisters with 7 tablets each.6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
