Zidovudine
- Generic Name
- Zidovudine
- Brand Names
- Combivir, Retrovir, Trizivir
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule
- Chemical Formula
- C10H13N5O4
- CAS Number
- 30516-87-1
- Unique Ingredient Identifier
- 4B9XT59T7S
- Background
A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia. [PubChem]
- Indication
Used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections.
- Associated Conditions
- HIV Transmission, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections, Perinatal HIV transmission
- Associated Therapies
- -
Breakthrough Of The Year Drug For HIV Care
The FDA approved lenacapavir, a breakthrough HIV treatment requiring twice-yearly injections, developed by Gilead Sciences. It's effective against multidrug-resistant HIV, offering hope for global HIV/AIDS management and aligning with UN goals to eliminate the disease by 2030.
Breakthrough of the Year drug for HIV care
Lenacapavir, approved by the FDA, represents a significant advancement in HIV treatment, especially for multidrug-resistant cases. Its twice-yearly injection offers a simplified regimen, improving adherence and reducing treatment failure risks. Despite its high efficacy, cost and accessibility remain challenges, highlighting the need for equitable healthcare policies and continued research.
What's New: Perinatal HIV Clinical Guidelines
Updated guidelines for HIV treatment in pregnancy and perinatal transmission prevention include new data on antiretroviral drug use, infant feeding options, and virologic testing. Key updates emphasize managing viremia in breastfeeding parents, ARV prophylaxis for infants, and revised recommendations for initial ART regimens in pregnancy. The guidelines also address PrEP use, resistance testing, and ARV management for infants exposed to HIV.
World Aids Day: The Evolution of HIV Treatment Over Three Decades
HIV treatment has evolved from a death sentence to a manageable chronic condition, with advancements like AZT, HAART, and long-acting injectable ARV therapy. Despite challenges, the global community remains committed to finding a cure and ensuring equitable access to treatment.
Adnexus Biotechnologies Inc. Appoints Dr. Hiroshi Ohrui to Scientific Advisory Board
Adnexus Biotechnologies Inc. appoints Dr. Hiroshi Ohrui, a renowned expert in medicinal chemistry and HIV drug development, to its Scientific Advisory Board. Dr. Ohrui's work on Islatravir, a potent anti-HIV drug, aligns with Adnexus's mission to innovate HIV treatments. The company also plans a strategic investment with 1606 Corp to enhance drug discovery capabilities.
Delavirdine gains approval as second NNRTI for anti-HIV combination regimens
FDA grants accelerated approval for delavirdine (Rescriptor), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), for use with other anti-HIV drugs. The drug reduces viral load in combination therapy, has few side effects, and is cost-effective compared to protease inhibitors. No data on survival or AIDS-related illnesses.
Drug Delivery to the Brain: Recent Advances and Unmet Challenges
Strategies to enhance drug transport across the BBB include temporary disruption via physical/chemical means, targeting endogenous transporters, and using bradykinin or claudin-5 for permeability. FUS technology offers targeted, non-invasive BBB opening with controlled parameters. Nanocarriers and magnetic field-assisted methods also show promise for drug delivery, with ongoing research to improve efficacy and safety.
Related Clinical Trials:
Integration of Drug Repurposing and Immunotherapy
Drug repurposing, applying pre-approved drugs to new therapeutic uses, emerges as a cost-effective, efficient alternative to traditional drug discovery, especially in treating cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases like Covid-19. Recent advancements focus on systematic, patient-centered approaches, leveraging AI and network medicine for faster, more effective treatments. Immunotherapy, combined with repurposed drugs, shows promise in enhancing treatment outcomes, reducing development time and costs, and improving patient care across various diseases.
Drug Development Updates
Stay informed with timely notifications on clinical trials, regulatory changes, and research advancements related to this medication.
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