Hyoscyamine

Hyoscyamine is a tropane alkaloid and the levo-isomer of atropine. It is commonly extracted from plants in the Solanaceae or nightshade family. Research into the action of hyoscyamine in published literature dates back to 1826. Hyoscyamine is used for a wide variety of treatments and therapeutics due to its antimuscarinic properties.

Although hyoscyamine is marketed in the United States, it is not FDA approved.

As a drug that is not FDA approved, hyscyamine has no official indications. Intravenous hysocyamine has been used to reduce gastric motility, reduce pancreatic pain and secretions, to facilitate imaging of the gastrointestinal tract, treat anticholinesterase toxicity, treat certain cases of partial heart block, improve visualization of the kidneys, and for symptomatic relief of biliary and renal colic. Intravenous hyoscyamine is also used pre-operatively to reduce secretions of the mouth and respiratory tract to facilitate intubation. Oral hyoscyamine is used to treat functional intestinal disorders, for symptomatic relief of biliary and renal colic, and symptomatic relief of acute rhinitis.