A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, thalidomide was withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of inflammatory disorders and cancers. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity through modulating the release of inflammatory mediators like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and other cytokine action. Due to severe teratogenicity, pregnancy must be excluded before the start of treatment and patients must enrol in the THALIDOMID Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program to ensure contraception adherence.
Thalidomide is primarily used for the acute treatment and maintenance therapy to prevent and suppress the cutaneous manifestations of moderate to severe erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL).
Fengzeng Jian, Beijing, Beijing City, China
National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Ying Liu, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
Blood Care Clinic, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Fuzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
The Third People's Hospital affiliated to Fujian University of Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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