In 2002, botulinum toxin A, also known as onabotulinumtoxinA or Botox, was the first type A botulism toxin to be introduced into the market for cosmetic use. With a wide variety of applications and favourable safety profile, Botulinum toxin A injection is a minimally invasive and promising treatment for cosmetic imperfections, muscle spasms, and other condit...
Botulinum toxin A is indicated for a variety of conditions, depending on the preparations. Cosmetically, it is used for the treatment of facial fine lines and wrinkles, specifically for upper facial rhytides, including forehead, lateral canthus, and glabellar lines.
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Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Vali e Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne-billancourt, France
Shriners Hospitals for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
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