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Calcitonin was first discovered in isolated parathyroid tissue as a substance with a serum-calcium-lowering effect. It is constituted as a 32-amino acid single chain polypeptide structure that gets secreted as a regulatory agent in calcium-phosphorus metabolism. It is used as an alternative for people developing antibodies against salmon calcitonin.
Calcitonin was first discovered in isolated parathyroid tissue as a substance with a serum-calcium-lowering effect. It is constituted as a 32-amino acid single chain polypeptide structure that gets secreted as a regulatory agent in calcium-phosphorus metabolism. It is used as an alternative for people developing antibodies against salmon calcitonin.
Calcitonin inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption through the regulation of the number and activity of osteoclasts. The action of human calcitonin on osteoclasts is due to a disruption of cytoskeletal organization, by the distraction of actin rings, and due to a disappearance of the cellular polarity of osteoclasts. At the subcellular level, calcitonin is suggested to perform its activity by the modulation of the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway.
Human calcitonin is indicated for the treatment of Paget's disease in the cases where the use of salmon calcitonin may provoke the generation of high-titer of antibodies. Paget's disease is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by focal areas of increased and disorganized bone turnover coupled with an increased bone formation. The majority of the cases are asymptomatic but some clinical manifestations include pain, bone deformity and some complications such as pathological fractures and deafness. The increased activity in bone is associated with a rise in serum level of alkaline phosphatase and the increased urinary excretion of hydroxyproline which is a product of bone breakdown.
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