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Aurothioglucose is a gold compound used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Aurothioglucose is a gold compound used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of various skeletal bone joints of the body . These attacks are facilitated by various pro-inflammatory immune cells and agents like cytokines, histamines, mast cells, macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes, leukocytes, and many others . The longterm result of this unwanted immune response is chronic inflammation and painful tissue damage . The cause of the malfunctioning immune system in rheumatoid arthritis is unknown and there is no definitive cure for the condition . Similarly, the mechanism of action of aurothioglucose is also not well elucidated. Nevertheless, some studies have suggested that the combination of both the sulfhydryl ligand and aureus cation present in aurothioglucose elicits an inhibitory effect on adenylyl cyclase activity in human lymphocyte membranes and in membranes of T and B lymphocyte subsets . In particular, such inhibition of the activity of adenylyl cyclase and its various isoforms would theoretically also limit the cyclases' ability to induce mast cell degranulation and histamine release, to enhance respiratory burst effects, to stimulate the action of resting macrophages, to induce and activate phagocytes, to induce neutrophil chemotaxis, etc. - all of which are pro-inflammatory actions .
Aurothioglucose is indicated for the adjunctive treatment of early active adult and juvenile type rheumatoid arthritis that is not adequately controlled by other anti-inflammatory agents and conservative measures like salicylate, glucocorticoids, etc. . In chronic, advanced cases of rheumatoid arthritis, such gold therapy is not demonstrated to be as valuable . Antirheumatic measures such as salicylate and other anti-inflammatory drugs (both steroidal and non steroidal) may be continued after initiation of gold therapy . After improvement commences, these measures may be discontinued slowly as symptoms permit .
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