AD incidence in Europe increased from 1999 to 2019; BC is the most diagnosed cancer in the EU. Measuring societal impact of research is complex, involving health gains, new medicines, and job creation. Animal and non-animal research methods were analyzed in EU-funded AD, BC, and PC projects. Human-based approaches are deemed highly relevant for societal impact. Innovations like organ-on-chip and in silico tools show translational potential. Despite challenges, non-animal methods are increasingly used, especially in diagnostic tool development and clinical trials.