Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Ofatumumab in Combination With Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Vincristine Sulfate, and Dexamethasone Alternating With Ofatumumab in Combination With Cytarabine and Methotrexate in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Stage I Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Stage II Contiguous Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Stage II Non-Contiguous Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Stage III Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Stage IV Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Interventions: Procedure: Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Cytarabine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Drug: Methotrexate
Biological: Ofatumumab
Drug: Vincristine Sulfate

First Posted Date: 2012-02-06

Last Posted Date: 2024-02-07

Lead Sponsor: Roswell Park Cancer Institute

Target Recruit Count: 37

Registration Number: NCT01527149

Locations: 🇺🇸
Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
🇺🇸
Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States

Phase II Trial Designed to Determine Efficacy and Safety of Bendamustine+Dexamethasone+Thalidomide in R/R MM

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Bendamustine
Drug: Thalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2012-02-06

Last Posted Date: 2018-07-03

Lead Sponsor: Azienda Ospedaliera di Bolzano

Target Recruit Count: 30

Registration Number: NCT01526694

Locations: 🇮🇹
AULSS 2 Feltre, Feltre, Italy
🇮🇹
Ospedale Ca Foncello, Treviso, Italy
🇮🇹
Ospedale dell'Angelo di Mestre, Mestre, Italy

and more 16 locations

The Effect of Prophylactic Antiemetic Dexamethasone on Plasma Cortisol Levels

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Interventions: Drug: Saline
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2012-02-02

Last Posted Date: 2014-09-04

Lead Sponsor: William Li Pi Shan

Target Recruit Count: 63

Registration Number: NCT01524731

Locations: 🇨🇦
McGill University Health Centre-Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
🇨🇦
Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Hepatic Arterial Infusion in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced, Non-Metastatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Cholangiocarcinoma
Liver Neoplasms

Interventions: Drug: Floxuridine
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Gemcitabine
Drug: Oxaliplatin

First Posted Date: 2012-02-02

Last Posted Date: 2022-08-10

Lead Sponsor: Washington University School of Medicine

Target Recruit Count: 27

Registration Number: NCT01525069

Locations: 🇺🇸
Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States

Dalteparin, Lenalidomide, and Low-Dose Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Previously Untreated Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Stage I Multiple Myeloma
Stage II Multiple Myeloma
Stage III Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: dalteparin
Drug: lenalidomide
Drug: dexamethasone
Other: laboratory biomarker analysis

First Posted Date: 2012-01-26

Last Posted Date: 2017-11-29

Lead Sponsor: University of Southern California

Target Recruit Count: 13

Registration Number: NCT01518465

Locations: 🇺🇸
USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States

Duration of Leg Nerve Blocks With Dexamethasone Added to Local Anesthetic

Phase 4

Withdrawn

Conditions: Pain
Total Knee Arthroplasty

Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Ropivacaine

First Posted Date: 2012-01-18

Last Posted Date: 2013-09-12

Lead Sponsor: University of New Mexico

Registration Number: NCT01511211

Locations: 🇺🇸
University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

Vorinostat Plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone or Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone in Multiple Myeloma Patients Who Experience Biochemical Relapse During Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy

Phase 2

Withdrawn

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Interventions: Drug: Vorinostat
Drug: Lenalidomide
Drug: Dexamethasone

First Posted Date: 2011-12-29

Last Posted Date: 2016-05-10

Lead Sponsor: Tiziana Marangon

Registration Number: NCT01501370

Locations: 🇮🇹
Clinica di Ematologia, A.O.U. Ospedali Riuniti, Ospedale Umberto I di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
🇮🇹
U.O.S. di Ematologia, Ospedale Mazzoni, Ascoli Piceno, Italy
🇮🇹
Dh ematologia, A.O.U. Careggi, Firenze, Italy

and more 5 locations