Dexamethasone

Generic Name: Dexamethasone

Brand Names: Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper

Drug Type: Small Molecule

Chemical Formula: C_₂₂H_₂₉FO_₅

CAS Number: 50-02-2

Unique Ingredient Identifier: 7S5I7G3JQL

Background: Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.

Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.

Indication: Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.

Associated Conditions: Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes

Associated Therapies: -

Clinical Trials

Combination Chemotherapy Followed By Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

Phase 3

Conditions: Nonneoplastic Condition

First Posted Date: 2006-06-08

Last Posted Date: 2013-09-17

Lead Sponsor: Children's Cancer and Leukaemia Group

Target Recruit Count: 288

Registration Number: NCT00334672

Locations: 🇬🇧
Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, England, United Kingdom
🇬🇧
Watford General Hospital, Herts, England, United Kingdom
🇬🇧
Leeds Cancer Centre at St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, England, United Kingdom

and more 9 locations

A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Treatment for Non-Infectious Anterior Uveitis

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Anterior Uveitis

First Posted Date: 2006-06-06

Last Posted Date: 2011-05-30

Lead Sponsor: Allergan

Target Recruit Count: 5

Registration Number: NCT00333996

A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Treatment for Non-Infectious Intermediate or Posterior Uveitis

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Intermediate Uveitis
Posterior Uveitis

Interventions: Drug: dexamethasone
Drug: Sham injection

First Posted Date: 2006-06-06

Last Posted Date: 2011-04-14

Lead Sponsor: Allergan

Target Recruit Count: 229

Registration Number: NCT00333814

Tailoring Treatment for B Cell Non-hodgkin's Lymphoma Based on PET Scan Results Mid Treatment

Phase 2

Conditions: Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
Advanced Stage Diffuse Large B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: Vincristine
Drug: Prednisone
Drug: Ondansetron
Drug: Dexamethasone
Drug: Diphenhydramine
Drug: Acetaminophen
Other: PET Scan
Drug: Ifosfamide
Drug: Mesna (IV)
Drug: Mesna (oral)
Drug: Carboplatin
Drug: Etoposide
Drug: Rituximab

First Posted Date: 2006-05-11

Last Posted Date: 2021-07-22

Lead Sponsor: British Columbia Cancer Agency

Target Recruit Count: 150

Registration Number: NCT00324467

Locations: 🇨🇦
BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

PAD Combination Therapy Followed by Thal/Dex for Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase 2

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

First Posted Date: 2006-04-27

Last Posted Date: 2006-04-27

Lead Sponsor: Korean Multiple Myeloma Working Party

Target Recruit Count: 47

Registration Number: NCT00319865

Locations: 🇰🇷
Gachon University Gil Hospital, Inchon, Korea, Republic of

Combination Chemotherapy Followed By Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Young Patients With Progressive or Relapsed Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma

Not Applicable

Conditions: Lymphoma

First Posted Date: 2006-04-24

Last Posted Date: 2015-09-25

Lead Sponsor: European Inter-group Cooperation on Childhood and Adolescent Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Target Recruit Count: 96

Registration Number: NCT00317408

Locations: 🇨🇿
University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
🇧🇪
U.Z. Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
🇩🇪
Krankenhaus Muenchen Schwabing, Munich, Germany

and more 91 locations

Dexamethasone, Aspirin, and Diethylstilbestrol in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

First Posted Date: 2006-04-21

Last Posted Date: 2013-06-26

Lead Sponsor: St. Bartholomew's Hospital

Target Recruit Count: 260

Registration Number: NCT00316927

Locations: 🇬🇧
Kent and Canterbury Hospital, Canterbury, England, United Kingdom
🇬🇧
Chelsea Westminster Hospital, London, England, United Kingdom
🇬🇧
Milton Keynes General Hospital, Milton Keynes, England, United Kingdom

and more 12 locations