Dexamethasone
- Generic Name
- Dexamethasone
- Brand Names
- Baycadron, Ciprodex, Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dextenza, Dioptrol, Hexadrol, Hidex 6-day Taper, Maxidex, Maxitrol, Neofordex, Ozurdex, Taperdex 12 Day Taper, Taperdex 6 Day Taper, Taperdex 7-day Taper, Tobradex, Zcort 7 Day Taper
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule
- Chemical Formula
- C22H29FO5
- CAS Number
- 50-02-2
- Unique Ingredient Identifier
- 7S5I7G3JQL
- Background
Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and prednisolone.
Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen.
- Indication
Dexamethasone and ciprofloxacin otic suspension is indicated for bacterial infections with inflammation in acute otitis media and acute otitis externa. Intramuscular and intravenous injections are indicated for a number of endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An intravitreal implant is indicated for some forms of macular edema and non-infectious posterior uveitis affecting the posterior of the eye. Various ophthalmic formulations are indicated for inflammatory conditions of the eye.
- Associated Conditions
- Acute Gouty Arthritis, Acute Leukemia, Acute Otitis Externa, Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Adrenocortical Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC), Alopecia Areata (AA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Aspiration Pneumonitis, Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, Berylliosis, Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, Bursitis, Chorioretinitis, Choroiditis, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Conjunctivitis, Contact Dermatitis, Cushing's Syndrome, Dermatitis, Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE), Drug hypersensitivity reaction, Edema of the cerebrum, Epicondylitis, Episcleritis, Erythroblastopenia, Eye Infections, Eye allergy, Glaucoma, Hypercalcemia, Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), Infection, Inflammation, Inflammation of the External Auditory Canal, Intraocular Inflammation, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Keloids Scars, Keratitis, Lichen Planus (LP), Lichen simplex chronicus, Loeffler's syndrome, Lymphoma, Macular Edema, Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Middle ear inflammation, Mucosal Inflammation of the eye, Multiple Myeloma (MM), Muscle Inflammation caused by Cataract Surgery of the eye, Mycosis Fungoides (MF), Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, Non-infectious Posterior Uveitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Inflammation and Pain, Ocular Irritation, Ocular Itching, Ophthalmia, Sympathetic, Optic Neuritis, Otitis Externa, Pemphigus, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Postoperative Infections of the eyes caused by susceptible bacteria, Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis, Regional Enteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile, Rosacea, Sarcoidosis, Scleritis, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Secondary thrombocytopenia, Serum Sickness, Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Synovitis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Tenosynovitis, Trichinosis, Tuberculosis (TB), Ulcerative Colitis, Uveitis, Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Acquired immune hemolytic anemia, Acute rheumatic carditis, Anterior eye segment inflammation, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ear infection-not otherwise specified caused by susceptible bacteria, Exfoliative erythroderma, Granuloma annulare lesions, Non-suppurative Thyroiditis, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Psoriasis, Steroid-responsive inflammation of the eye, Swelling of the eyes, Varicella-zoster virus acute retinal necrosis, Watery itchy eyes
- Associated Therapies
- -
Methotrexate, Procarbazine, Lomustine, Dexamethasone, and Cytarabine in Treating Patients With Primary CNS Lymphoma
- Conditions
- First Posted Date
- 2003-12-11
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-04-21
- Lead Sponsor
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute
- Target Recruit Count
- 1
- Registration Number
- NCT00074191
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Oregon Health & Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States
Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Children With Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
- Conditions
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2003-11-24
- Last Posted Date
- 2013-08-26
- Lead Sponsor
- Children's Oncology Group
- Target Recruit Count
- 2078
- Registration Number
- NCT00002812
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Children's Hospital of Columbus, Columbus, Ohio, United States
🇺🇸Ireland Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
🇺🇸Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
Gemcitabine Hydrochloride, Carboplatin, Dexamethasone, and Rituximab in Treating Patients With Previously Treated Lymphoid Malignancies
- Conditions
- Adult Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-cell LymphomaAnaplastic Large Cell LymphomaHepatosplenic T-cell LymphomaRecurrent Adult Diffuse Small Cleaved Cell LymphomaRecurrent Cutaneous T-cell Non-Hodgkin LymphomaRecurrent Small Lymphocytic LymphomaSmall Intestine LymphomaRecurrent Adult Immunoblastic Large Cell LymphomaRecurrent Adult Lymphoblastic LymphomaSplenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma
- Interventions
- First Posted Date
- 2003-11-05
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-06-29
- Lead Sponsor
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
- Target Recruit Count
- 55
- Registration Number
- NCT00072514
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/University of Washington Cancer Consortium, Seattle, Washington, United States
Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation With Specially Treated Stem Cells in Treating Patients With Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma or Hodgkin's Disease
- Conditions
- First Posted Date
- 2003-10-08
- Last Posted Date
- 2017-11-29
- Lead Sponsor
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
- Registration Number
- NCT00005998
Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Platinum-Resistant Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
- Conditions
- First Posted Date
- 2003-09-24
- Last Posted Date
- 2014-05-22
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Southern California
- Target Recruit Count
- 35
- Registration Number
- NCT00003449
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Hospital, Los Angeles, California, United States
SU5416 Compared to Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Progressive Prostate Cancer That Has Not Responded to Hormone Therapy
- First Posted Date
- 2003-08-29
- Last Posted Date
- 2013-09-05
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Chicago
- Target Recruit Count
- 36
- Registration Number
- NCT00006002
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States
🇺🇸Ingalls Memorial Hospital, Harvey, Illinois, United States
🇺🇸USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Hospital, Los Angeles, California, United States
SWOG-9321 Melphalan, TBI, and Transplant vs Combo Chemo in Untreated Myeloma
- Conditions
- Interventions
- Biological: recombinant interferon alfaDrug: doxorubicin hydrochlorideDrug: carmustineDrug: melphalanDrug: cyclophosphamideDrug: prednisoneDrug: dexamethasoneDrug: vincristine sulfateProcedure: peripheral blood stem cell transplantationProcedure: allogeneic bone marrow transplantationProcedure: autologous bone marrow transplantationRadiation: radiation therapy
- First Posted Date
- 2003-08-11
- Last Posted Date
- 2015-03-06
- Lead Sponsor
- SWOG Cancer Research Network
- Target Recruit Count
- 899
- Registration Number
- NCT00002548
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
🇺🇸New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
🇺🇸Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Combination Chemotherapy in Hodgkin's Disease or Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Not Responding to Previous Treatment
- Conditions
- First Posted Date
- 2003-07-30
- Last Posted Date
- 2020-04-09
- Lead Sponsor
- NCIC Clinical Trials Group
- Target Recruit Count
- 77
- Registration Number
- NCT00014209
- Locations
- 🇨🇦
Credit Valley Hospital, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
🇨🇦Cancer Care Ontario-Hamilton Regional Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
🇨🇦Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Phenylbutyrate, Dexamethasone, and Sargramostim in Treating Patients With Refractory or Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia
- Conditions
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center - NCI Clinical Studies Support, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
🇺🇸Mount Sinai Medical Center, NY, New York, New York, United States
🇺🇸National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
Combination Chemotherapy With or Without PSC 833 in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
- Conditions
- First Posted Date
- 2003-07-09
- Last Posted Date
- 2023-06-15
- Lead Sponsor
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
- Registration Number
- NCT00002878
- Locations
- 🇺🇸
CCOP - Christiana Care Health Services, Wilmington, Delaware, United States
🇨🇦CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
🇨🇦Cancer Care Ontario-London Regional Cancer Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
Drug Development Updates
Stay informed with timely notifications on clinical trials, regulatory changes, and research advancements related to this medication.