Neuralink, the Elon Musk-backed neuroscience firm, has been granted FDA approval to proceed with a second human implantation of its experimental brain-computer interface (BCI) chip. This decision follows the initial implantation in Noland Arbaugh, a paraplegic man, and aims to address issues encountered during his treatment.
Addressing Initial Challenges
Arbaugh's implant experienced a malfunction when some of the device's fine wires detached, leading to data leakage. In response, Neuralink plans to embed these wires deeper into the brain of the next patient to ensure more stable signal transmission. According to the Wall Street Journal, the company intends to implant as many as 10 additional individuals by the end of the year.
First Patient's Experience
Noland Arbaugh, Neuralink's first human recipient, shared his experiences, noting initial disappointment when the chip malfunctioned. "I started losing control of the cursor...they told me that the threads were getting pulled out of my brain...It was really hard to hear," Arbaugh told Bloomberg. However, software updates have since restored much of the device's functionality, and Arbaugh remains optimistic about Neuralink's potential.
Technology and Procedure
The Neuralink BCI involves a surgical procedure where a small hole is created in the patient's skull. A specialized robot, known as "R1," then sutures the implant's wires into the brain. The chip, roughly the size of a quarter, features 64 threads, each containing 32 electrodes that capture signals from nearby neurons. These signals are transmitted wirelessly to external devices via Bluetooth.
PRIME Study Details
Neuralink's clinical trial, known as the PRIME Study, seeks to evaluate the safety and initial functionality of the BCI for enabling individuals with quadriplegia to control external devices using their thoughts. While Neuralink does not guarantee specific benefits from participating, over 100 quadriplegic individuals have registered for the study.
Future Implications
Neuralink's technology holds promise for restoring autonomy to individuals with paralysis and other neurological conditions. The company's progress and ongoing clinical trials are closely watched by the medical and technology communities, as advancements in BCI technology could revolutionize treatment options for various disabilities.
