An experimental treatment using ipilimumab, an immunotherapy drug already used in skin cancer care, is showing promising results in shrinking aggressive brain tumors. This approach offers a potential breakthrough for patients with limited treatment options and could become available within the next five years.
Innovative Approach
Dr. Paul Mulholland, a brain cancer expert at University College London, is leading the research. The treatment involves administering ipilimumab intravenously to shrink tumors before surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy are considered. This approach aims to reduce the tumor size, potentially improving the effectiveness of subsequent treatments.
How Ipilimumab Works
Ipilimumab, also known as Yervoy, is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the CTLA-4 protein on T cells, a type of immune cell. By blocking CTLA-4, ipilimumab prevents cancer cells from suppressing the immune system, allowing the immune system to attack and destroy cancer cells. This mechanism is particularly relevant for brain tumors, which are often difficult to treat due to the blood-brain barrier.
Patient Success Stories
Sara Sjolund, a London entrepreneur diagnosed with astrocytoma, experienced significant tumor reduction after participating in Dr. Mulholland's trial. After six months of treatment, her tumor was deemed "inactive." Dr. Mulholland noted that Sara's scans show remnants of the tumor, but as long as it remains stable, she should be fine.
Expert Opinions
Dr. Mathew Clement of the Cancer Research Centre in Wales expressed optimism, stating, "It is not out of the question that it could be a cure." He added, "We know ipilimumab is effective for other cancers and we have shown that we can apply them to treat brain tumours."
Clinical Trial Plans
With support from the National Brain Appeal charity, Dr. Mulholland is planning a comprehensive clinical trial to begin early next year. The trial will focus on administering ipilimumab as early as possible after diagnosis, aiming to protect the immune system before it is weakened by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Challenges and Future Directions
While the early results are promising, experts urge caution, emphasizing that the treatment has only been used on a small number of patients. A larger clinical trial is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of ipilimumab for treating brain tumors. If successful, this treatment could be offered on the NHS within five years, providing a new option for patients with this challenging disease.
