Bright light therapy, traditionally used for seasonal affective disorder (SAD), is showing promise in treating other forms of depression, according to new research. The study, published in JAMA Psychiatry, suggests that this accessible and cost-effective treatment could offer relief to individuals suffering from major depressive disorder and bipolar depression.
The research team, led by Artur Menegaz de Almeida from the Federal University of Mato Grosso, conducted a review of 11 randomized clinical trials involving 858 patients diagnosed with nonseasonal major depression or bipolar depression. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bright light therapy as an adjunctive treatment.
Study Details and Outcomes
Patients in the trials were exposed to a 10,000 lux fluorescent light box for at least 30 minutes daily, with treatment durations ranging from 1 to 6 weeks. The outcomes were then compared to those of patients receiving other adjunct treatments, such as air ionizers or dim red light. A 50% or greater reduction in depressive symptoms was considered a positive response to treatment.
The results indicated that 60.4% of patients undergoing light therapy experienced a significant reduction in depressive symptoms, compared to only 38.6% in the control groups. Furthermore, full remission from depression was observed in 40.7% of the light therapy group, versus 23.5% in the control group. These improvements were typically seen within one month of starting treatment.
Cost-Effectiveness and Accessibility
The researchers emphasized the cost-effectiveness of light therapy, noting that light boxes are considerably cheaper than many antidepressant medications or psychotherapy sessions. They stated, “The primary supportive argument in favor of using bright light as an adjunctive treatment is the cost.” Given the variable costs associated with antidepressant treatments, the accessibility and affordability of bright light therapy make it a valuable option for patients with nonseasonal depressive disorders.
Clinical Implications
These findings suggest that bright light therapy could serve as an efficient adjunctive treatment for various forms of depression, offering a non-pharmacological option to improve patient outcomes. While further research is warranted, the current evidence supports the integration of light therapy into treatment plans for major depressive disorder and bipolar depression.
