Families managing children's food allergies face constant vigilance to prevent accidental exposure, which can lead to severe reactions. While there is currently no cure for food allergies, research efforts focus on mitigating the risk of severe reactions from accidental ingestion.
Current Treatment Landscape
Two FDA-approved treatments are available: oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy (Palforzia) and an injectable medication (Xolair/omalizumab) for multiple food allergies. These treatments aim to reduce the worry associated with unintentional allergen ingestion, though they do not permit unrestricted eating.
Ongoing Clinical Trials at Lurie Children's
Elizabeth Lippner, MD, who heads the food allergy clinical trials program at Lurie Children’s Hospital, notes the importance of ongoing research to develop more effective and convenient treatment options. One such study is a multinational Phase 3 randomized clinical trial evaluating a peanut protein-coated skin patch (Viaskin) for children aged 4-7 with peanut allergies. This patch aims to desensitize children to peanuts, starting with a minimal dose that is gradually increased. The patch has been designed for improved adhesion, addressing previous issues with earlier versions.
Another clinical trial at Lurie Children’s is investigating a sublingual tablet for peanut allergy immunotherapy. This Phase 1 trial is recruiting participants aged 4-25 to assess the tolerability, safety, and effectiveness of increasing doses of peanut protein delivered via a dissolving tablet.
The Goal: Enhanced Safety and Peace of Mind
Abigail Lang, MD, MSCI, an allergist and researcher at Lurie Children’s, emphasizes that all forms of immunotherapy aim to protect children from accidental exposure, thereby reducing anxiety for families. While strict avoidance of the food allergen remains essential, these therapies primarily seek to minimize the risk of severe or life-threatening reactions, offering families greater peace of mind.
Viaskin Peanut Patch
The peanut patch delivers peanut protein through the skin, aiming to desensitize children with peanut allergies. A previous version of the patch was rejected by the FDA due to inadequate adhesion. A recent Phase 3 clinical trial with the improved patch demonstrated positive results in toddlers (1-3 years of age). The results were published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Sublingual Immunotherapy
This approach uses a tablet that dissolves under the tongue to deliver increasing doses of peanut protein. The Phase 1 trial is currently recruiting participants aged 4-25 to evaluate tolerability, safety, and effectiveness.
