Accelerated iTBS: A New Frontier in Schizophrenia Treatment
The Institute of Mental Health (IMH) in Singapore is pioneering a study on an accelerated form of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique aimed at reducing persistent negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients. These symptoms, including social withdrawal and lack of motivation, significantly impair patients' ability to lead fulfilling lives.
The Study's Approach
The IMH study focuses on using a changing magnetic field to modify brain activity in a specific location over multiple sessions within five working days. This approach builds on the success of iTBS trials overseas, where patients showed significant improvement. As of now, 22 out of the targeted 40 patients have been enrolled, with the study expected to conclude by July 2025.
The Impact of Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms in schizophrenia, such as minimal facial expression and speech, often lead to misunderstandings, with patients being perceived as lazy. These symptoms not only hinder self-care and organization but also affect the ability to maintain employment. Associate Professor Jimmy Lee from IMH emphasizes the importance of addressing these symptoms, which are frequently overlooked in favor of treating positive symptoms like delusions and hallucinations.
Promising Developments in Schizophrenia Treatment
In addition to brain stimulation techniques, the pharmaceutical landscape for schizophrenia is evolving. The recent approval of Cobenfy, a new antipsychotic drug in the US, marks a potential breakthrough by targeting muscarinic receptors instead of dopamine, offering relief from both positive and negative symptoms without the common side effects of weight gain and drowsiness.
The Role of the Immune System in Schizophrenia
Emerging research from IMH and A*Star highlights the connection between immune system dysregulation and schizophrenia, particularly in treatment resistance. This discovery could lead to the use of immune markers to predict treatment resistance, enabling earlier and more targeted interventions, such as the timely initiation of clozapine treatment for severely ill patients.
As the scientific community continues to unravel the complexities of schizophrenia, the integration of innovative treatments like iTBS and new pharmacological approaches offers hope for more effective management of this challenging disorder, ultimately improving the quality of life for patients worldwide.
