Many cancer drugs function by inhibiting the activity of proteins within cells. However, some proteins that turn normal cells cancerous are difficult to inhibit, and cancer can become resistant to these drugs. A new approach, targeted protein degradation, offers a different strategy by tricking the cell's natural garbage collectors into removing cancer-causing proteins.
In a study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Behnam Nabet, PhD, and his team at Fred Hutch Cancer Center demonstrated the effectiveness of this approach in mice with lung and pancreas tumors caused by the KRAS G12V mutation. This mutation, found in about 30% of lung adenocarcinoma patients, is notoriously difficult to target with traditional inhibitors.
The researchers developed a genetically engineered mouse model that allows them to activate the KRAS G12V mutation at will and test the effects of targeted protein degradation. Using a system called dTAG, they were able to degrade the KRAS G12V proteins, leading to a significant reduction in tumor growth and an improvement in survival rates. The dTAG system works by using a degrader molecule that links to both the enzyme marking proteins for destruction and the problem protein, effectively removing it from the cell.
This innovative approach not only disrupts cancer-driving signals but also triggers a strong antitumor immune response, offering additional therapeutic benefits. The study's findings highlight the potential of targeted protein degradation as a promising new avenue for cancer treatment, particularly for cancers driven by the KRAS G12V mutation and other 'undruggable' proteins.
