As the 2024 U.S. presidential election approaches its final days, Americans across the political spectrum are experiencing unprecedented levels of stress and anxiety, according to a comprehensive new survey from the American Psychological Association (APA).
The latest Stress in America poll reveals that 77% of adults report feeling stressed about the future of the nation, while 69% express specific concerns about the upcoming election. These figures mirror the heightened anxiety levels observed during the contentious 2020 election cycle (68%) and represent a significant increase from the 52% reported during the 2016 presidential race.
Widespread Concerns Transcend Political Divisions
Perhaps most striking is how these anxieties cut across partisan lines. The survey found nearly identical stress levels among Republicans (80%), Democrats (79%), and Independents (73%) regarding the nation's future. This shared apprehension suggests a deeper, more fundamental concern about American democracy that transcends typical political rivalries.
"For nearly a decade, people have faced a political climate that is highly charged, which has led to the erosion of civil discourse and strained our relationships with our friends and our families," said American Psychological Association CEO Arthur Evans Jr. "But isolating ourselves from our communities is a recipe for adding more stress to our lives."
The poll, which surveyed 3,305 Americans between August 1-23, 2024, identified several specific triggers for election-related stress:
- 72% worry the election results could lead to violence
- 56% believe the election could threaten American democracy
- 73% find it stressful to distinguish between real and fake information
- 82% worry that people are basing opinions on misinformation
These concerns are manifesting in tangible impacts on personal relationships. Approximately one-third (32%) of respondents report that the political climate has caused strain with family members, while 20% say they deliberately limit time with relatives who hold different political views. Nearly half (46%) indicated they wouldn't date someone with opposing political opinions.
Economic Anxieties Compound Political Stress
Beyond election-specific concerns, economic worries continue to weigh heavily on Americans, with 73% reporting stress about the economy. This combination of political and financial anxiety creates a particularly challenging psychological environment.
Dr. Eric Storch, vice chair of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Baylor College of Medicine, explains that uncertainty about potential changes following the election naturally triggers distress. "People worry about how their lives will change depending on the election results or that the elected individual may not represent them or their values," Storch noted.
Erosion of Trust in Institutions and Each Other
The survey reveals a troubling erosion of trust in both government and interpersonal relationships:
- 54% of adults report very little to no trust in the U.S. government
- 41% have considered moving to a different country
- 50% say political tensions make them less interested in connecting with others
- 28% believe they have nothing in common with people whose political views differ from theirs
Similar proportions of Republicans (76%), Democrats (71%), and Independents (74%) agree that the country's system of checks and balances isn't functioning effectively.
Signs of Resilience and Hope
Despite these challenges, the survey also identified encouraging signs of civic engagement and optimism:
- 77% of respondents intend to vote in the presidential election
- 51% feel compelled to volunteer or support causes they value
- 61% express hope about the change this election might bring
- 59% believe the election could lead to a more inclusive society
Particularly noteworthy is the political engagement among diverse communities, with 73% of Black adults and 67% of Hispanic adults reporting that they feel their vote matters.
Expert Recommendations for Managing Election Stress
Mental health professionals offer several strategies for coping with election-related anxiety:
- Focus on actions within your control, such as voting and supporting your preferred candidates
- Limit exposure to news media and social platforms that trigger stress
- Maintain perspective about the cyclical nature of elections
- Prioritize stress-reducing activities like exercise, adequate sleep, and social connection
- Consider professional counseling if anxiety becomes unmanageable
For navigating potentially tense political conversations, experts recommend:
- Being willing to respectfully agree to disagree
- Stepping away from escalating discussions
- Redirecting conversations to less contentious topics
- Limiting alcohol consumption during politically charged gatherings
"Distress can be channeled into feelings of helplessness, or it can be channeled into a position of optimism," Storch advised. "It won't always be one way. Take a meaningful approach, be active and make sure your vote counts."
As Evans from the APA notes, "We must remember that the most extreme voices are often the loudest, and that the majority of adults share similar values and concerns." He sees potential for channeling collective stress into "meaningful conversations and actions that promote healing and understanding."
With Election Day approaching rapidly, mental health experts emphasize that while political anxiety is natural, implementing these coping strategies can help Americans navigate this challenging period with greater resilience and emotional well-being.
