A promising snakebite treatment developed by California-based Ophirex Inc. has shown encouraging results for early intervention, despite not meeting its primary endpoint in a recent clinical trial conducted across India and the United States.
The drug, varespladib, demonstrated potential benefits when administered within the first five hours following envenomation, though its efficacy appeared to diminish during later stages of emergency room treatment. This finding emphasizes the critical importance of rapid intervention in snakebite cases.
Mechanism of Action and Advantages
Varespladib, originally developed by Eli Lilly, works by blocking sPLA2, a fundamental neurotoxin in snake venom that causes paralysis, tissue damage, and respiratory failure. The drug's unique formulation as an oral pill that requires no refrigeration presents significant advantages over traditional antivenom treatments, particularly in austere environments.
Clinical Trial Details
The study, conducted between August 2021 and November 2022, enrolled 95 snakebite victims who received either varespladib or placebo alongside standard antivenom treatment. The trial primarily focused on bites from Russell's vipers, copperheads, and rattlesnakes.
"Although we did not meet the primary endpoint, encouraging results emphasized the critical importance of rapid intervention and the need for a treatment that can be easily administered in a pre-hospital setting," stated Sally Stephens, an Ophirex spokesperson.
Several factors complicated the study's execution, including delays in drug administration beyond six hours post-bite and the concurrent use of traditional antivenom treatment.
Military Interest and Investment
The project has attracted significant attention from the Defense Department, which awarded Ophirex a $13.8 million contract in 2022 through the Army Medical Material Development Activity. The investment aims to develop varespladib specifically for special forces operating in remote, snake-prone environments where immediate access to medical facilities is limited.
Notable Backing
Ophirex has assembled an impressive roster of supporters, including Jerry Harrison from the rock band Talking Heads and Derrick Rossi, a stem cell scientist and Moderna co-founder. The company successfully raised an additional $37 million in private financing following the Defense Department contract.
Looking forward, Ophirex maintains its commitment to developing an accessible and effective snakebite treatment. The company continues to focus on creating a solution that can be readily administered in challenging environments where traditional medical infrastructure may be unavailable.
