Psilocybin mushrooms, or “magic mushrooms,” contain psychoactive compounds that affect mood and perception by interacting with serotonin receptors in the brain. Historically used in spiritual practices, particularly in Mesoamerican cultures, psilocybin is gaining attention for its potential to treat depression, anxiety, PTSD, and addiction, with promising results from clinical trials. However, their use carries risks, including psychological distress, especially for those with mental health conditions. While psilocybin remains illegal in many places, decriminalization and medical research are increasing, particularly in areas like Oregon. Caution is advised due to potential misidentification and psychological effects.